First let me apologize for only addressing this part of your post because if you don’t believe in the actual gospel then we cannot in good conscience have a productive conversation.
This is certainly true. If you don't believe the Gospel that Jesus and Paul brought, was first given to Israel, as Scriptures teach, then there is no real way for a productive conversation.
There is a misunderstanding so we first have to define what the gospel actually is. The gospel is not related to the Jewish covenant.
First, there is no "Jewish covenant", there are God's Covenants. "Faith" means "unconditional belief in God shown by works". This was true of Abraham, Caleb, Shadrack, David, Zacharias, Simeon, Cornelius and every example of Faithful man in the Bible.
There was a Priesthood covenant that God gave Levi as a Mercy to Israel after the golden Calf, a Law that Abraham didn't have. But there was no "Jewish Covenant", at least not in the Holy Scriptures. You are free to provide me with such a covenant that Jews made, but your source would be outside of the Holy Scriptures.
Faith in God has always been a requirement so that has not changed. The promises to Israel remain intact and unfulfilled until after the time of the gentiles us over.
Israel, according to God, were Gentiles in Egypt before God sent Moses to bring them out of sin. (Egypt) And any "Stranger/gentile" that chose to join themselves to their God, were also considered Israelites. No different that the servants of Abraham. And yes, "unconditional belief in God, shown by works, has always been a requirement of repentance.
The new covenant for the Christian is strictly based on the redemptive power of blood spilled by Christ on the cross.
It seems, given the warnings of Jesus and the Prophets and Paul, concerning men who "profess to know God, or that call Jesus Lord, Lord, or that "Come in Christ's Name", that a man shouldn't just accept popular religious philosophy taught by the promoters of this world's religious system. Instead, for me, these warnings mean that I should go to God's Word to find out what HIS New covenant actually is. You can read it for yourself. I believe it is true that the New Covenant, was the change in the Priesthood, as it is written. That we are still required to "Yield ourselves" to God, and become "servants to His Righteousness" as Paul teaches, but no longer engage in the Jews version of the sacrificial "works of the Law" that the Jews religion, who didn't believe God, Moses or His Son, were promoting.
The basic elements of the gospel include what Paul wrote in Romans 1:1-6. All men have sin, the death of Christ on the cross to pay for those sins, the resurrection of Christ to provide life everlasting for those who follow Him, and the offer of the free gift of salvation to all (1 Cor 15:1-4).
You are omitting the first thing Paul teaches both Jew and gentile, at least according to the Scriptures.
The promoters of the "Jews Religion" that rejected God's Commandments and Judgments and persecuted God's Church, accused Paul of teaching against God's Laws, as also promoted by "many" who call Jesus Lord, Lord in the world God placed me in. Here is what Paul told them;
Acts 24:
13 Neither can they prove the things "whereof they now accuse me". 14 But this I confess unto thee, that after the way "which they call heresy", so worship I the God of my fathers, believing "all things" which are written in the law and in the prophets:
And of course he does, this is where the Gospel of Christ can be found.
Notice that Paul explicitly calls these the gospel that I preach to you. There is no different in gospel or what Paul calls the gospel in any other of his writings.
It is a deceitful practice to cherry pick Scriptures for the purpose of defending, justifying and promoting a philosophy that cannot stand, if every Word of God is considered.
I don’t understand where you infer that the gospel the Paul preaches did not come to be until later in history. The gospel of Christ began at His crucifixion when He redeemed our sins.
That is the philosophy of your adopted religion. The Bible teaches that the Gospel of Christ was given to Israel. And certainly Zacharias and Simeon and Anna are proof of this teaching.
Is. 48:
17 Thus saith the LORD, thy Redeemer, the Holy One of Israel; I am the LORD thy God which teacheth thee to profit, which leadeth thee by the way that thou shouldest go. 18 O that thou hadst hearkened "to my commandments"! then had thy peace been as a river, and thy righteousness as the waves of the sea:
What if all these Scriptures are right, and the religious philosophies of this world that you have adopted and are now promoting, is the deception?
Shouldn't a man believe what is actually written?
So if you believe in a different gospel then you are missing out on the good news of Christ.
Those "Christians" in Matt. 7:22,23, certainly promoted a gospel, and believed in was of Christ. Perhaps you might consider the Scriptures shown to you, and the questions posed at you, so you can become a "Doer" of the Christ's Sayings, not just a word here, and another word over there, but "Every Word" that proceeds out of His Mouth, given they were given to Him by the God and Father of all.