Col 2:16: “Therefore no one is to act as your judge in regard to food or drink or in respect to a festival or a new moon or a Sabbath day - things which are a mere shadow of what is to come; but the substance belongs to Christ.' The Sabbath is gone.
In Colossians 2:16-23, they were keeping God's feasts in obedience to God's commands, they were being judged for doing that by pagans who were promoting humans precepts and traditions, self-made religion, asceticism, and severity to the body, and Paul was encouraging them not to let anyone judge them and precent them from obeying God. Those promoting asceticism and serenity to the body would be judging people for celebrating feasts, not for refraining from doing that.
The Sabbath was the seventh day of the week. It was instituted under the Mosaic law, between the fall of man and Moses. There were no Sabbath laws. There was no Sabbath observance. That came in the Mosaic law. Centuries went by; none of the patriarchs had any kind of Sabbath laws. On the seventh day, after creation, you remember, God rested and God blessed that day.
There are many examples of God's laws being followed without it being recorded when God first gave them such as with Genesis 39:9 where Joseph knew that it was a sin to commit adultery, so the fact that the first recorded instance of a command against adultery wasn't until Sinai does not give justification for assuming that there was no law against adultery prior to that, and the same is true for the Sabbath.
Why? As a day that would always be a memorial to the fact that God had created the universe in six days, so the seventh day was always going to be a reminder of God as our Creator. Every Saturday that comes along - which is the seventh day of the week, Sunday being the first day of the week - every Saturday that comes along is a good day for us to remember, first of all, God is Creator. And we have that in our heritage.
Keeping the Sabbath holy testifies that there is a Creator who created the world in six days, who rested on the 7th, who sanctified it, and who sanctifies us, so those who believe in the truth of these things live in a way that testifies about them by keeping the Sabbath holy rather than a way that bears false witness against them. The Sabbath is holy to God regardless of whether or not we keep it holy, and what is holy to God should not be profaned by man, so we wold still be obligated to keep the Sabbath holy even if God had never commanded anyone to do that.
When the Mosaic law came along, God ordained a Sabbath day for the people to observe and to obey God, and God put some restraints on them to remind them of their sinfulness. So, every Saturday that comes along kind of has a two-fold role; it causes us to remember God as Creator, and to remember how sinful we really are - and truly we are sinful. But the Sabbath is gone.
Nowhere does the Bible state that God gave the Sabbath in order to remind us of how sinful we really are.
It is part of Judaism that has been replaced by the new covenant, and the new covenant has a completely different day. Saturday, reminds us of God as Creator and God as law-giver, and it reminds us of the beauty of God’s creation, the magnificence of His creation, and the sinfulness of our own hearts. But when you come to the new covenant, you have a new kind of observation, not observing God as Creator, not observing God as law-giver, but in the new covenant God is defining Himself as what? Saviour.
Jesus spent his ministry teaching his followers to obey the Mosaic Law by word and by example and the reason why he established the New Covenant was not in order to nullify anything that he spent his ministry teaching or so that we could continue to have the same lawlessness that caused the New Covenant to be needed in the first place, but rather the New Covenant still involves following the Mosaic Law (Jeremiah 31:33, Ezekiel 36:26-27). Jesus saves us from our sin (Matthew 1:21) and it is by the Mosaic Law that we have knowledge of what sin is (Romans 3:20), so Jesus graciously teaching us to be a doer of it is intrinsically the way that he is giving us his gift of saving us from not being a doer of it.
So, the new covenant has its own day, a day in which we focus on God as our Saviour, and that's Sunday.
Nowhere does the Bible state this.
In NT, the Church worshipped on Sunday. For instance,
Acts 20:7 states that “on the first day of the week we came together to break bread.” Paul also urges the Corinthian believers, “On the first day of every week, each one of you should set aside a sum of money in keeping with his income”
1 Cor 16:2 . Since Paul designates this offering as “service” in
2 Cor 9:12, this collection may have been linked with the Sunday worship service of the Christian assembly. Historically, Sunday, not Saturday, was the normal meeting day for Christians in the church, and its practice dates back to the first century.
In Acts 2:46, they broke bread together on every day, so there is nothing about an instance of that happening on the 1st day of the week that means that the New Covenant has its own day or that they were no longer keeping the 7h day holy. It is important to keep in mind that ind that for Jews the day starts in the evening in accordance with Genesis 1 says that there was evening and then there was morning, so the 1st day of the week starts on Saturday night at sundown. Jews have a longstanding tradition of meeting at this times for Havdalah in order to mark the end of the Sabbath and the transition to the work week. Jews also traditionally don't handle money on the Sabbath, so this was also a time that would work well to take an offering. If they had been taking an offering on the Sabbath, then that is what would have indicated that they were transitioning away from keeping it holy, but 1 Corinthians 16:2 is in accordance with it. So Paul did not speak from morning until midnight, but rather he spoke from sundown until midnight and left on Sunday morning to travel. This does not support that they met on Sunday morning, and even if they had, this does not establish that it was the start of a new tradition, and even if it was, it does not establish that they were hypocritically setting aside God's command to keep the 7th day holy in order to establish their own tradition, and even if they were, then this would not establish that we should follow their example of sin.
