Origin and history of church
church(n.)
Middle English
chirche, from Old English
cirice,
circe "place of assemblage set aside for Christian worship; the body of Christian believers, Christians collectively; ecclesiastical authority or power," from Proto-Germanic
*kirika (source also of Old Saxon
kirika, Old Norse
kirkja, Old Frisian
zerke, Middle Dutch
kerke, Dutch
kerk, Old High German
kirihha, German
Kirche).
This is probably [see extensive note in OED] borrowed via an unrecorded Gothic word from Greek
kyriakē (oikia),
kyriakon doma "the Lord's (house)," from
kyrios "ruler, lord" (from PIE root
*keue- "to swell," also forming words for "strong, powerful").
Greek
kyriakon (adj.) "of the Lord" had been used in reference to houses of Christian worship since c. 300, especially in the East, though it was less common in this sense than
ekklesia or
basilikē. An example of the direct Greek-to-Germanic transmission of many Christian words, via the Goths; probably it was used by West Germanic people in their pre-Christian period.
"place of assemblage set aside for Christian worship; the body of Christian believers,… See origin and meaning of church.
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