""The rise of President Trump marked a shift in conservative politics, with his stance against free trade and globalism aligning closely with positions held by Senator Bernie Sanders and American labor unions.""
Protectionism of certain job sectors is the whole point of tariffs. Always has by every admin. They have been used like a scapulae knife, and not the hammer pulled from the tool box as a redress to every problem. I seriously doubt the National Farmers Union agree with Trump's position. Sanders talks of "targeted tariffs" which is not what Trump is doing. The Trump stance and the Sanders stance are not aligned at all.
Trump has instituted both across-the board tariffs. Trump also implemented several kinds of targeted tariffs.
ACROSS THE BOARD TARIFFS
This is a flat amount to all goods from a country or for all countries as a default. I believe that we now have a 10% rate (or is it 15%). This type of tax is before the courts and arguably requires Congressional approval (so this type could be reversed and then put in the Spring 2026 BBB). This type of tariff is in effect a tax on imported goods. Some of the cost can be absorbed by the seller and/or by one of the companies on the supply chain. In the end, prices go up. This is a policy of 100 years ago and has several effects: increase of cost to the consumer, and a decrease in the amount of imports. Also, there is pressure for the producer to reduce his cost to produce , sometimes by reducing quality. Of course, this tax also can reduce the amount of the deficit or debt.
My BOTTOM line on this type of tax is that it is inflationary and very, very poor economic policy.
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FIRST TYPE OF TARGETED TARIFF - PROTECTIONISM
Examples are steel and autos. This type of tax has been supported by Democrats and unions for decades. The effect is to protect US jobs and to reduce the amount of the tariffed good imported. They work but sometimes have side effects. For example, steel tariffs in Trump1 saved a couple of thousand steel jobs. However, manufacturing jobs that used steel to make the product saw a loss of ten times that amount. To be clear, this may be OK, especially if the industry is very important to the US for national security. Arguably, we NEED to have a strong steel industry in the US.
My BOTTOM line on this type of tax is that is inflationary, but that may be OK. My only thought is that we need to consider the side effects.
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SECOND TYPE OF TARGETED TARIFF - TRUMP WANTS TO PUNISH THE COUNTRY
1) Brazil is a good example. We have a 50% tax on Brazil because they convicted a criminal friend of his.
Canada is another example of this. He didn't like the leader so he inflicted big tariffs. He didn't like an ad in their paper so he stopped negotiating. Trump does this a lot and this is the worst kind of tariff.
2) Switzerland is a different kind of example. We will have a 39% tax on them because they don't buy enough goods from us. This is simply Trump's ignorance with regard to economics. I buy from Amazon. Perhaps, I should buy less because they don't buy enough from me???
3) China is a third kind. China has policies that are harmful to the US and Trump uses tariffs to get them to change. India buying Russin oil is another example. In the past, Mexico didn't cooperate enough in catching drug smugglers. Spain doesn't spend enough on Defense. Japan effectively doesn't allow imports of US autos.
My BOTTOM line on this type of tariff is that it is what it is; Trump's bullying. To be fair, this often works. BTW, there is Democratic support for tariffs and sanctions on China, even though the cost to consumer may be large.