How could an Israelite be saved by the Old Covenant Law? The Old Covenant was never about salvation. All the Law could do was point out sin. Only Jesus saves.
This is true. The Law defines sin. Where there is no Law, there is no sin. There can't be sin, because as you said, the LAW points out sin.
How are Jews who have not accepted Jesus any different than the rest of humanity? Gal3:
19 Why, then, was the law given at all? (to Israel) It was added because of transgressions until the Seed to whom the promise referred had come. The law was given through angels and entrusted to a mediator. 20 A mediator, however, implies more than one party; but God is one.
So Bob, as you have pointed out, there is no transgression of God's Law, without God's Law. We know Adam sinned, therefore there was law. Cain was warned about Sin, therefore there was LAW.
Gen. 4:
7 If thou doest well, shalt thou not be accepted? and if thou doest not well, sin lieth at the door. And unto thee shall be his desire, and thou shalt rule over him. Gen. 18:
20 And the LORD said, Because the cry of Sodom and Gomorrah is great, and because their sin is very grievous;
And we know Abraham obeyed God's Laws, Commandments and Statutes.
Gen. 26:
4 And I will make thy seed to multiply as the stars of heaven, and will give unto thy seed all these countries; and in thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed; 5 Because that Abraham obeyed my voice, and kept my charge, my commandments, my statutes, and my laws.
So what Law is Paul speaking to here?
17 And this I say, that the covenant, that was confirmed before of God in Christ, the law, which was four hundred and thirty years after, cannot disannul, that it should make the promise of none effect.
What Law was "ADDED" 430 years after Abraham, that the Pharisees were still promoting? This "LAW" was ADDED "Because of Transgressions (SIN)"? Transgressions of what? That would be transgressions of the Commandments, Statutes and Laws of God, Yes? If not, then what?
You and I have been taught lies about this chapter, by this world's religious system since we were kids. And our parents, and their parents, taught the same lie, just as the Jews in Jesus Time had been told lies about God for centuries.
I would have you consider that the "LAW" given "Because of Sin", is not God's definition of sin. That makes no sense and in frankly absurd. All men have sinned, are are in need of atonement. In the Bible, this atonement was achieved through a "Priesthood". In Moses Time, God made a Priesthood Covenant with Levi, to provide for the remission of sins. It was called the "Levitical Priesthood" which was after "The Order of Aaron" of the Tribe of Levi. Obviously this LAW wasn't in effect or given in Abraham's Time because Levi was not even born until centuries after Abraham was dead. This Priesthood Law/Covenant was only Temporary, according to the Law and Prophets, because there was a Prophesied Priest, "After the Order of Melchizedek", that was to come "After those days". And just like the Priesthood "After the Order of Aaron", this NEW Priesthood was also ADDED "Because of Transgressions", which is the purpose of the Priesthood LAW in the first place. Paul said the LAW he is speaking to, was ADDED "
till the seed should come to whom the promise was made; Gen. 26: 4 "
and in thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed;"
I believe this "SEED" is the Jesus "of the Bible.
But the mainstream preachers of the world in that time, the Pharisees, didn't believe Jesus was that SEED. This is undeniable Biblical Fact. They were still promoting the Old Priesthood LAW for the remission of sins. A LAW Abraham wasn't under. Paul is explaining that the LAW they were promoting, was Prophesied to end at the arrival of the Prophesied Priest "After the Order of Melchizedek", "Till the SEED should come".
And this Priesthood was a school master that was to LEAD those men to Christ, as it did for Zacharias, David, Simeon, Anna, Shadrack, Daniel, even Abraham saw the Day of the Prophesied Messiah. But the Pharisees and their fathers, according to the Holy Scriptures, corrupted the Priesthood and therefore were not led to Christ, as it is written.
Mal. 2:
7 For the priest's lips should keep knowledge, and they should seek the law at his mouth: for he is the messenger of the LORD of hosts.
8 But ye are departed out of the way; ye have caused many to stumble at the law; ye have corrupted the covenant of Levi, saith the LORD of hosts. 9 Therefore have I also made you contemptible and base before all the people, according as ye "have not" kept my ways, but have been partial in the law.
In the past you have just blown off these Holy Words of the God inspired Holy Scriptures. I'm hoping maybe this time, you or others reading along, can see the truth of Gal. 3, and the LAW that was ADDED that the Pharisees were still promoting to the Galatians, even though the Promised Seed had come.