Heb 4:8,9 referred to a rest from the persecution of the judaizers AND a rest frim seekung blessing through the misaic law by adhering to the law of faith.
Yes, Hebrews 4 explains
"God's Rest" for us.
Hebrews 4:1 (NKJV) Therefore, since a promise remains of entering His rest, let us fear lest any of you seem to have come short of it.
Keep in mind, this is written to believers, to people that were, "holy brethren, partakers of the heavenly calling" (3:1). It follows from the tragic example of Israel that these New Testament believers should also take warning, because the promise of entering His rest still stands. The words
"come short of" are the translation of a verb which could be rendered either "should seem to have fallen short" or "should think that he has fallen short or come too late." The historical background and the context are decisive for the last, since the following context seems dedicated to demonstrating that God's rest is still open. The danger is that some of his hearers may cast away their faith, and to do so is to miss entering the promised rest.
Hebrews 4:2 (NKJV) For indeed the gospel was preached to us as well as to them; but the word which they heard did not profit them, not being mixed with faith in those who heard it.
The word "gospel" is the Greek word
euaggelizo, a verb which means: "to announce good news." The character of the good news must be defined by the context. "Gospel" doesn't always mean the plan of salvation. This verb was fully capable of having a non-technical sense in the New Testament as in:
1 Thessalonians 3:6 (NKJV) But now that Timothy has come to us from you, and brought us good news [euaggelizo] of your faith and love, and that you always have good remembrance of us, greatly desiring to see us, as we also to see you;
In Hebrews 4:2, it is used of good news of the promised rest as in:
Hebrews 4:6 (NKJV) Since therefore it remains that some must enter it, and those to whom it was first preached [euaggelizo] did not enter because of disobedience,
Verse 2 says,
"...the gospel was preached to us as well as to them...." - "us" is the writer of Hebrews and its readers, and "them" refers to Israel in the wilderness. The "good news" they heard about was of no value to them, because of their lack of faith. The Israelites heard "good news" from Joshua and Caleb, the two spies who encouraged the people to enter the good land (Numbers 13:30, 14:7-9).
Numbers 14:7-9 (NKJV) and they spoke to all the congregation of the children of Israel, saying: "The land we passed through to spy out is an exceedingly good land. 8 "If the LORD delights in us, then He will bring us into this land and give it to us, 'a land which flows with milk and honey.' 9 "Only do not rebel against the LORD, nor fear the people of the land, for they are our bread; their protection has departed from them, and the LORD is with us. Do not fear them."
What was the good news preached to them? It was the good news of God's promise that God would bring them into the land of milk and honey and be with them if they would trust him and not rebel. But this good news was not "mixed with faith"; it was not believed. It was interpreted to be bad news, for they were convinced that if they entered the land, they would be "devoured" by its inhabitants (Numbers 13:32). Because the good news was not believed, it was of no benefit to them.
The end of Hebrews 4:2 should read,
"...not being united by faith with those who heard...." an allusion to Joshua and Caleb.
The point is: this good news was not believed by Israel, and so they did not enter God's rest, God's promised joy. They doubted God. They distrusted him. They did not have faith in his promise to give them a better future than they had in Egypt, and so they gave up on God and wanted the old life. And what was the result of that unbelief? Verse 2 says: the promise
"did not profit them." It was of no value to them. They did not enter God's rest. They fell in the wilderness.
So the point of verse 2 is exactly the same as the point of 3:19 - it's a reason why we should fear unbelief (Verse 19:
"They were not able to enter because of unbelief.") Therefore, (v. 1) fear unbelief, because (v. 2) when the good news to Israel was not united to faith, it profited them nothing, and they perished in the wilderness. The main point is: fear this happening to you. Fear hearing the promises of God and not trusting them, because the same thing will happen to us as to them; we will not enter into God's rest if we do not trust his promises.
That's the main point of the paragraph: Fear unbelief. In the last sentence of the paragraph, he says the same thing in different words:
Hebrews 4:11 (NKJV) Let us therefore be diligent to enter that rest, lest anyone fall according to the same example of disobedience.
The word
"diligent" is the Greek word
spoudazo. It means: "to exert one's self, endeavor, give diligence." The verb speaks of intensity of purpose followed by intensity of effort toward the realization of that purpose. The words
"let us"are first person plural expressing the writer's oneness with the readers and in effect issuing a warning not only to them but to himself as well. Thus the thought returns to the necessity of holding onto their Christian profession to the end.
In other words, Israel fell from the promised joy of God because of the disobedience of unbelief. And the same thing can happen to the Hebrew Christians. To keep it from happening, he says, "Be diligent to enter God's rest." Be diligent! Pay close attention to what you've heard (2:1); don't neglect your great salvation (2:3); consider Jesus (3:1); do not harden your hearts (3:8); take care against an unbelieving heart (3:12); exhort one another every day against the deceitfulness of sin (3:14); and FEAR the unbelief that will keep you from your promised rest (4:1).
Verses 3-10 are written to support the main point which we have looked at in verses 1 and 11, namely, be diligent to enter God's rest and fear lest you fail to enter it because of unbelief. The way verses 3-10 support this main point is by showing from the Old Testament that there is a rest to enter into - that is, that God has a plan for his people to join him in the wonderful rest. The text is very complicated.
Hebrews 4:3 (NKJV) For we who have believed do enter that rest, as He has said: "So I swore in My wrath, 'They shall not enter My rest,' " although the works were finished from the foundation of the world.
It is those who believe who enter rest. The concept of belief here should be taken in context of:
Hebrews 3:12 (NKJV) Beware, brethren, lest there be in any of you an evil heart of unbelief in departing from the living God;
Hebrews 3:19 (NKJV) So we see that they could not enter in because of unbelief.
It is not that they didn't have faith and were unbelievers, it was that their faith was failing because of persecution.
Hebrews 4:4 (NKJV) For He has spoken in a certain place of the seventh day in this way: "And God rested on the seventh day from all His works";
The writer quotes from Genesis 2:2, which notes that God rested on the seventh day after having completed his work in creation. The fact that God rested on the seventh day became the basis for his gift of the Sabbath to Israel (Exodus 20:11). In resting on the seventh day, the Israelites were to imitate God. The purpose of resting was to recognize God's work in redeeming them from Egypt (Exodus 31:13, Deuteronomy 5:15). So God wanted the Israelites to rest in order to recognize him.
Hebrews 4:5 (NKJV) and again in this place: "They shall not enter My rest."
The promised land is a picture of God's ultimate rest, and their unbelieving rebellion excludes them from it. Which raises the question whether there remains a Sabbath rest for the people of God. Was the time of Joshua, who took the people into the promised land, the final, ultimate rest God had in mind for his people? Verse 8 answers no:
Hebrews 4:8 (NKJV) For if Joshua had given them rest, then He would not afterward have spoken of another day.
"If" is a second class condition meaning: "if and it's not." It is determined as unfulfilled. A first class condition would mean: "if and it is" or "since." And a third class condition would mean:"maybe yes, maybe no." The KJV's
"Jesus" is the Greek form of the Hebrew name Joshua. If Joshua had given them rest, but he didn't. The point of verse 8 is that the rest of Joshua's time is not the rest which the promise involves, that rest was just a type. How could God have offered rest in David's time, if it was already realized in Joshua's time?
In other words, even though Joshua gave some relief to the people of God in the promised land, that was not the final rest God has planned for them. How do we know that? God spoke of another day, another rest, centuries later:
Hebrews 4:7 (NKJV) again He designates a certain day, saying in David, "Today," after such a long time, as it has been said: "Today, if you will hear His voice, Do not harden your hearts."
This is a quote from Psalm 95:7. So, long after the people enjoyed the rest of the promised land, David says that God is still holding out to his people an offer of rest: "Don't harden your hearts, and you will enjoy God's rest" (referred to at the end of the Psalm).
Hebrews 4:9 (NKJV) There remains therefore a rest for the people of God.
This is the central point of the argument of 4:1-11. This is a different Greek word for "rest". The word used here is
sabbatismos, which is the word used of the Sabbath rest.
The Sabbath and the land are linked once again here, for in verse 8, the writer spoke of Joshua, whose work concerned the land, but verse 9 is linked to verse 8 by use of the word "therefore" and speaks of the Sabbath, not the land.
It is natural to think of the Sabbath day when we hear or read the word "rest". When first introduced to the nation of Israel, it was spoken of as
"the rest of the holy Sabbath unto the LORD" (Ex. 16:23). This was the seventh day rest, patterned after God's own rest following the creation (Gen 2:2). It was encoded into the Law given on tablets of stone (cf. Ex. 20:8-11). But the Sabbath as a day of rest was given only to the nation of Israel. It was not given to the nation's fathers (i.e., ancestors such as Abraham, Isaac, Jacob) (Deut. 5:2-22; Neh. 9:13-14). It was given to Israel as a weekly remembrance of their deliverance from Egypt (Deut. 5:12-15). The only Gentiles ever commanded to keep the Sabbath were those living among the Israelites in Canaan ("your stranger who is within your gates").
The Sabbath day, like the rest of the Old Law, has been done away. It was nailed to the cross (cf. Ep 2:14-15; Co 2:14). As part of "the ministry of death" (the Old Covenant), it has been replaced by "the ministry of the Spirit" (the New Covenant) (2 Co 3:5-8,11). It is now a matter of indifference to God, left to one's individual conscience, and not to be bound on anyone (cf. Ro 14:4-6; Co 2:16-17).
In verse 10, the writer explains the contemporary meaning of Sabbath rest.
Entering into this rest, God's rest, means resting from one's works. What works does one rest from? One rests from his works as God rested from his. How did God rest? God rested by blessing the seventh day and setting it apart for relationship with humanity. Rest doesn't mean absence of activity, then; it means: "enjoyment of the relationship"
So, the "rest" spoken of in our text refers to the New Heavens and New Earth, the New Covenant Age. The Old Covenant was about to end with the destruction of the Jewish temple in AD 70, thus ending the Jewish persecution against Christians and bringing the consummation of the New Covenant age. Those believers who grew weak in faith turned back to Judaism and were most likely killed in the destruction of Jerusalem. Moses and Joshua did not provide this "rest", which is just another reason why the Hebrew Christian should not forsake Jesus and return to Judaism. The writer of Hebrews encourages them to hang on to their faith lest they turn back to Judaism and loose their life in Jerusalem's destruction.
What does this text mean to us?
We already live in the New Covenant age, the New Heavens and Earth; so how does this text apply to us? I think that we can apply this text by using "rest" as faith-rest. If we do not trust God, if we grow weak in faith, we will lose the temporal benefits of the New Covenant age. By that I mean, we will lose our fellowship with God and come under His chastening hand. As we draw near to God in faith, we "rest" in His care. ~ BereabBibleChurch