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Berean Study Bible James 1:
ἐπιθυμία (epithymia)
Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular
Strong's 1939: Desire, eagerness for, inordinate desire, lust. From epithumeo; a longing.
Matthew 5:
ἐπιθυμῆσαι (epithymēsai)
Verb - Aorist Infinitive Active
Strong's 1937: To long for, covet, lust after, set the heart upon. From epi and thumos; to set the heart upon, i.e. Long for.
BDAG ἐπιθυμέω:
Lust is not just sexual. Acts 20:
If a man lusts after his wife, would that be adultery?
No. Adultery, by definition, can only be committed with someone else's wife.
Is it okay to lust after one's wife?
Not if he objectifies her. It is okay to desire her and long for her.
desire15 Then after desire has conceived, it gives birth to sin; and sin, when it is full-grown, gives birth to death.
ἐπιθυμία (epithymia)
Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular
Strong's 1939: Desire, eagerness for, inordinate desire, lust. From epithumeo; a longing.
Matthew 5:
lust after28 But I tell you that anyone who looks at a woman to lust after her has already committed adultery with her in his heart.
ἐπιθυμῆσαι (epithymēsai)
Verb - Aorist Infinitive Active
Strong's 1937: To long for, covet, lust after, set the heart upon. From epi and thumos; to set the heart upon, i.e. Long for.
BDAG ἐπιθυμέω:
These are two different but related Greek words. Looking at something is okay, but looking at something to lust after or covet it is not okay. The Pharisees focused on external behaviors, but Jesus shifted the focus inwardly to the heart. Your conscience will tell you whether you have sinned or not.① to have a strong desire to do or secure someth., desire, long for
② to have sexual interest in someone, desire
Lust is not just sexual. Acts 20:
The same Greek word can also mean "covet'.33 I have not coveted [G1937] anyone’s silver or gold or clothing.
If a man lusts after his wife, would that be adultery?
No. Adultery, by definition, can only be committed with someone else's wife.
Is it okay to lust after one's wife?
Not if he objectifies her. It is okay to desire her and long for her.