I believe the respected Orthodox blog of John Sanidopulos points out that the term “theologoumenon” is itself imprecise. The part I will paste from does not concern toll houses; he is only referring to a functional understanding of “theologoumenon” from an article re the term. On an individual basis, the toll house doctrine is not binding on an faith. It must be acknowledged as a tradition but not universally agreed upon.
Per John Sanidopoulos:
Therefore a clearer definition of the term theologoumenon, which may not solve all the issues but will at least clarify things a bit, is in order: A theologoumenon is the belief or explication of one or more Fathers upon a spiritual or theological matter which is not clearly articulated in the Scriptures or formulated in Church dogma. It is a respected belief not contrary to Church dogma and usually accepted, but not one that everyone must subscribe to in order to be saved. The Church dogmatizes with reluctance, and only when the Faith itself is in danger; for the mystery of God and of His creation and economy cannot be circumscribed and defined in words, but only indicated; the dogma transcends its expression. A theologoumenon deals with spiritual verities of which the expression or explanation is not clearly defined and fixed because they are not yet fully revealed or are beyond our capacity, e.g., the state of the souls of the dead, and the life of the Kingdom. In a different capacity are “theological opinions" (
theologikai gnomai), which are human attempts to find answers in the Scriptures and the Fathers for certain questions which are debatable and subject to theological inquiry.
www.johnsanidopoulos.com