There are a few definitions.
Augustine defined
sin as "a word, deed, or desire in opposition to the eternal law of God."
Sin has many classifications and degrees. [OrthodoxWiki'(
Sin - OrthodoxWiki):
1 John 3:
Romans 14:
James 4:
All these definitions are fine, but how do we translate them into an operational definition of sin?
An operational definition of sin would focus on specific, observable behaviors that the Bible identifies as sinful. This definition would help translate the theological concept of sin into concrete terms that can guide everyday decisions and actions. The problem with this codification of sin is that it tends to be legalistic. The Pharisees had many detailed rules concerning the Sabbath. We don't want to be trapped in legalism.
Instead of focusing on external legal laws, Hebrews 10:
Jesus shifted the consideration of sin inward in Mt 5:
We have the Paraclete (
legal advocate) dwelling in our hearts and minds. He tells us in our consciences whether we have sinned or not. The problem with this approach is that sin becomes subjective.
What is sin? How to deal with it?
The external approach to the definition of sin could become legalistic, while the internal conscience approach could become excessively subjective for new believers. I call for a balanced approach using both by letting the external teaching of Scripture inform and shape the conscience while allowing the indwelling Holy Spirit to apply those principles to specific situations.
In any case, while specific sins may vary, the fundamental nature of sin since Adam and Eve is rooted in human beings' rejection of God's authority and attempt to live independently of him. The remedy for sin is not found in the perfect definition or flawless self-diagnosis. It is found in repentance, faith in Christ, and the transforming power of the Holy Spirit/Paraclete to live a life pleasing to God. Focus more on Jesus and do not obsess with sin in order to grow in sanctification.
The goal is not an abstract, theoretical definition of sin, but a living, dynamic relationship with the Savior who frees us from sin's penalty and power. As we abide in Him and walk by the Spirit, we will naturally bear the fruit of righteousness (Galatians 5:16-25). Our sensitivity to sin will be sharpened, not by rigid legalism or vague subjectivism, but by an ever-deepening love for God and alignment with his holy character. We are progressively changed into His likeness (2 Corinthians 3:18).