Crucifixion Dating of Jesus Christ

[bbbbbbb]

Well, here I am popping in at Post #581 asking the apparent question about the elephant in the room. Precisely how will this information affect my life tomorrow morning or any other day, for that matter?

 

[Benaiah468]

 

[Benaiah468]

At the conquest of Jericho in the book of Joshua chapter 6, the following instruction is given to the israelites

And ye shall compass the city, all ye men of war, and go round about the city once. Thus shalt thou do six days... and the seventh day ye shall compass the city seven times, and the priests shall blow with the trumpets. Jos.6:3-4

Finally, on the seventh day, the walls fell down

So the people shouted when the priests blew with the trumpets: and it came to pass, when the people heard the sound of the trumpet, and the people shouted with a great shout, that the wall fell down flat, so that the people went up into the city, every man straight before him, and they took the city. And they utterly destroyed all that was in the city, both man and woman, young and old, and ox, and sheep Jos.6:20-21


The Churches of G-d believes that according to tradition, Israel took the city on the last day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread. Thus, the battle and victory are said to have taken place at the end of the feast. The difficulty with this is that the focus of the battle took place on a holy day. That is, the Israelites are said to have been ordered to wage war on such a day.

The book of Jashar describes in chapter 88 the same events as in Joshua

And it was in the second month, on the first day of the month, that the Lord said to Joshua, Rise up, behold I have given Jericho into thy hand with all the people thereof; and all your fighting men shall go round the city, once each day, thus shall you do for six days... And on the seventh day they went round the city seven times, and the priests blew upon trumpets. And at the seventh round, Joshua said to the people, Shout, for the Lord has delivered the whole city into our hands... And the people blew upon trumpets and made a great shouting, and the walls of Jericho fell down, and all the people went up, every man straight before him, and they took the city and utterly destroyed all that was in it, both man and woman, young and old, ox and sheep and ass, with the edge of the sword. And they burned the whole city with fire; only the vessels of silver and gold, and brass and iron, they put into the treasury of the Lord. Jas.88:14 .17-18 .21-22

According to this, the Israelites began to circumambulate the city on the first day of the month, the day of the new moon, and therefore did not wage war on a seventh-day Sabbath.


In 1 Kings 20:26ff, a war of King Ben-Hadad against the Israelites is described. In verse 29 it says

And they pitched one over against the other seven days. And so it was, that in the seventh day the battle was joined: and the children of Israel slew of the Syrians an hundred thousand footmen in one day. 1 King 20:29

Again, the question arises, what day was the Sabbath during this battle?

Verse 26 says

And it came to pass at the return of the year, that Benhadad numbered the Syrians, and went up to Aphek, to fight against Israel. 1 King 20:26

The Hebrew word for "return of the year" is

teshuwbah (#H8666) shaneh (#H8141)

https://up.picr.de/41118192fg.jpg

teshuwbah shaneh is the first day of the biblical year. This day is also a new moon.

So the principle here is the same.

The battle began on the new moon and ended just before the beginning of the Sabbath; day 8/month.

It is refreshing to see how accurate the Bible is and that you can rely on it, even in such details!

 

[Benaiah468]

What is it about the three days of dead and resurrection of the Messiah?

Can you look at the weekly calendar to get an answer?

A week is a counting to 7. What is the starting point of such a count?

An old children's hopscotch game helps us answer this question

https://up.picr.de/41108766ei.jpg

It is certainly not wrong to say that at the beginning you are standing with your feet outside the seven boxes

https://up.picr.de/41108905ht.jpg

You will have to take 7 equal steps to get to the seventh box.

This means You count the days of a week from outside the week. But what is that day?

You will say that is the Sabbath day of the previous week.

Yes, when one week joins another, that is indeed the case. Jews, after all, always count from Sabbath to Sabbath.

But what about the creation week? From which day were the days counted?

There was no previous week in the creation week.

https://up.picr.de/41140926sk.jpg

Do the test and count backwards from the 7th day and you will land on your starting place outside the boxes.

Likewise, if you count forward seven steps from the 7th day of the week, you will again land on the 7th day of the following week.

 

[Benaiah468]

And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, Take Aaron and his sons with him, and the garments, and the anointing oil, and a bullock for the sin offering, and two rams, and a basket of unleavened bread; And gather thou all the congregation together unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation. And Moses did as the Lord commanded him; and the assembly was gathered together unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation. Lev.8:1-4

This incident occurred on the first day of the month, the day of the new moon

And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying, On the first day of the first month shalt thou set up the tabernacle of the tent of the congregation. Ex.40:1-2

Aaron and his sons were sanctified for seven days. For seven days they were not to go out of the tabernacle

And Moses said unto Aaron and to his sons, Boil the flesh at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation: and there eat it with the bread that is in the basket of consecrations, as I commanded, saying, Aaron and his sons shall eat it. And that which remaineth of the flesh and of the bread shall ye burn with fire. And ye shall not go out of the door of the tabernacle of the congregation in seven days, until the days of your consecration be at an end: for seven days shall he consecrate you. As he hath done this day, so the Lord hath commanded to do, to make an atonement for you. Therefore shall ye abide at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation day and night seven days, and keep the charge of the Lord, that ye die not: for so I am commanded. So Aaron and his sons did all things which the Lord commanded by the hand of Moses. Lev.8:31-36

The first sacrifice was offered by Aaron and his sons on the eighth day. On this day the glory of the Lord appeared to the whole congregation

And it came to pass on the eighth day, that Moses called Aaron and his sons, and the elders of Israel; And he said unto Aaron, Take thee a young calf for a sin offering, and a ram for a burnt offering, without blemish, and offer them before the Lord. Lev.9:1-2

And Moses and Aaron went into the tabernacle of the congregation, and came out, and blessed the people: and the glory of the Lord appeared unto all the people. And there came a fire out from before the Lord, and consumed upon the altar the burnt offering and the fat: which when all the people saw, they shouted, and fell on their faces. Lev.9:23-24

No calendar Sabbath would disrupt these seven days of consecration because it was from the New Moon till the 7th day of the moon and after the six workdays they assembled the congregation. Why did they assemble the congregation? To observe the 7th day Sabbath which fell on the 8th day of the moon!

https://up.picr.de/41168548to.jpg

 

[Benaiah468]

Numbers 29:12-38 lists all the offerings during the feast of tabernacles from the 15th day of the moon to the 22nd day of the moon what scripture also calls the first day and the eighth day

Numbers 29:12-38 King James Version (KJV)

In the listing of these days YHVH goes through day one to eight listing the offerings but He only gives two times of holy convocation in which you do no work and thats on day one and on day eight. There is no other holy convocation command in between those two high days. So day one and eight which are day 15 and 22 of the month are the sabbaths and there are no sabbaths on day 16-21.

This is not a commandment just for one year, this is for every single year that you come across. That is impossible if you have a saturday sabbath floating in that feast.

 

[ralliann]

Numbers 29:12-38 lists all the offerings during the feast of tabernacles from the 15th day of the moon to the 22nd day of the moon what scripture also calls the first day and the eighth day

Numbers 29:12-38 King James Version (KJV)

In the listing of these days YHVH goes through day one to eight listing the offerings but He only gives two times of holy convocation in which you do no work and thats on day one and on day eight. There is no other holy convocation command in between those two high days. So day one and eight which are day 15 and 22 of the month are the sabbaths and there are no sabbaths on day 16-21.

This is not a commandment just for one year, this is for every single year that you come across. That is impossible if you have a saturday sabbath floating in that feast.

Here is what I found at Chabad .org
Night before day vs day before night....

"Why Is Passover on Nissan 15, Not Nissan 14?​

A Long Day​

Also note that, in a certain sense, the celebration of the 15th is considered to be an extension of the 14th. How so? With regard to sacrifices, the verse states, “And the flesh of his thanksgiving peace offering shall be eaten on the day it is offered up; he shall not leave any of it over until morning.”4 In other words, if you were given one day to eat an offering, the day consisted of the daytime followed by its night (unlike all other purposes, for which Jewish calendar days consist of the night followed by the day). Thus, as far as sacrifices are concerned, the night after a sacrifice is brought is an extension of the day it is brought.5

Therefore, when it comes to the celebration of the Passover sacrifice, while it was eaten on the 15th, it was considered to be the same day as the 14th.

The Celebration of the 14th of Nissan"​

 

[JSRG]

View attachment 348656

Yes, that was the page I indeed saw in Tibetan Astrology. However, we still notice this isn't the page you claimed it was on and it is missing part of the quote you claimed it had ("Saturn's day always fell on the 8th, 15th, 22nd or 29th of each month" is nowhere to be found). While the page number being wrong is not important in to the argument itself (though it doesn't look good), the fact part of the quote you claimed is not there is far more problematic, especially when the part of the quote you got wrong was the most important to your argument.

Your argument seems to have shifted now. Because the book does not make the claim you said it did, you are now focusing on "every seven days, the same planet returns. In fact, the seven-day week is the same in China, India, and the West" hence the highlighting on your part. This presumably, in your view, means that its statement "The 1st, 8th, 15th, 22nd, and 29th days of the month are linked to the same planet. The same applies to the other days" is to apply to the other calendars, and back up your claim that Saturday originally fell on the 8th/15th/22nd/29th of a month in the Roman calendar.

We run into some major problems with this argument of yours. Now, again, your assertion is that originally, the Sabbath did not happen every 7 days regardless of month, but was always on the 8th, 15th, 22nd, and 29th of each Hebrew month. You then claimed (using Tibetan Astrology as your source) that the Roman calendar had Saturday on those same days, then used quotations from Roman writers mentioning how the Jewish Sabbath fell on their Saturday, with those two things together providing confirmation for your claim about the Sabbath. But even if we were to follow the logic you seem to be using that I mentioned above, the book contradicts your claim; it says this was the 1/8/15/22/29 of the month. But you don't think the Sabbath was on the first! This therefore goes against your claim. The only part of the quote you offered from the book that seemed to confirm your claim ("Saturn's day always fell on the 8th, 15th, 22nd or 29th of each month") was the part of the quote that wasn't in the book!

But even if we ignore the issue of the 1st of the month, this still provides no help for your assertion. Note it says "The 1st, 8th, 15th, 22nd, and 29th days of the month are linked to the same planet. The same applies to the other days". It does not say they were the same every month, i.e. it doesn't say that the 1st was always the same day in each month. Rather, it is saying that in a month, they're the same days as the other ones in that month. Which is the case even in a calendar of a recurring 7-day week. In the modern standard calendar we use, with a recurring 7-day week, the day of the week that falls on 1/8/15/22/29 of each month is the same. May 1 of this year was a Wednesday, as was May 8, 15, 22, and 29. June 1 will be a Saturday, as will June 8, 15, 22, and 29. Thus this statement fits perfectly well with a recurring 7-day week.

This being the proper interpretation of the source is backed up by many things. There is the fact it says the 1/8/15/22/29 days are the same planet in a month, but does not specify which day of the week those apply to; if the first of each month was always a Saturday, surely this would have been specified, but it is not. There is the fact other parts of the book (which I mentioned in my preceding post) only make sense if the week is a recurring 7-day period rather than being based on the days of the month; for example, it mentions that if a Saturday were to fall on the 7th or 22nd of a month, it would be considered a "fiery day"; but this would make no sense if Saturday fell only on the 1/8/15/22/29th of the month, because it would never fall on the 7th and would always fall on the 22nd. There is the fact it says the week is the same as in the West--if the author had in mind with this remark a Roman calendar from thousands of years ago rather than the way it is done in the modern world (a recurring week), surely they would have specified as such.

So we still run into the major problem that the quote you offered--or at least the most important part of it--is not even from your source, and even with the revised argument you seem to be putting forward, the source doesn't back you up on it, and in fact goes directly against you by affirming that the days of the week recur independent of the dates in a month. It is not a good look when you stake so much on a false quote from a book that doesn't support you.

 

[Benaiah468]

In fact, it looks as if the statement is part of the quote. That is simply wrong and was not my intention. I am sorry, that's what happened, my mistake. Apart from it biblical evidence should take precedence over historical evidence.

 

[Benaiah468]

The change from lunar Sabbaths to the traditional seven-day count is no secret and the Jews themselves admit that the weekly Sabbath’s were originally by the phases of the moon, even though they don't do it that way, and this alone should be enough to make us take another look at our Sabbath. Here’s the evidence again!

The Buddhist Sabbath, or uposatha like the Indic Jain posaha, owed its existence remotely to the Vedic lunar rites. As celebrated anciently in India and in modern times in Nepal and Sri Lanka, the uposatha falls on the DAY OF THE NEW MOON, on the DAY OF THE FULL MOON, and on the TWO DAYS which are EIGHTH from new and full moons

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The uposatha is marked by abstinence from secular activities:

During its continuance buying and selling, work and business, hunting and fishing are forbidden, and all schools and courts of justice are closed. The uposatha is a ceremony attached to ALL FOUR OF THE LUNAR PHASES, instead of to two only; moreover, it is a REST DAY. The Buddha taught that the day is for the cleansing of the defiled mind, resulting in inner calm and joy. Elsewhere the uposatha service is referred particularly to the FIFTEENTH DAY OF THE MONTH, being full moon.

What does Buddhism have to do with the people of ancient Israel? What is the connection between the two?

The Scythian tribes had their origin in Israel. They were the Israelites that were placed to the east under the Caspian sea and were called ‘Iskuza’ by the Assyrians (derived from Isaaca) Saka/Sakka by the Persians and Shutae by the Greeks

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They spread from east to west under the Caspian sea, pushing their Cimmerian brothers further west into Europe, while at the same time moving east into India, becoming known to history as Western Scythians and Eastern Scythians.

The eastern branch travelled as far as China and introduced Buddhism to them.

Some of the titles for Guatama Buddha showed his Scythian heritage, such as Sakyashimha – lion of the tribe of Sakya (the symbol is a lion as the king of all animals. The 'lion of the Sakya clan'. The lion is one of the main symbols of Buddhism itself), Sakyamuni – Sakya sage (the Śākyas were a tribe in northern India into which was born Siddhārtha Gautama, the man who would become the historical Buddha), Sugata – Happy One and Sakya – the teacher.

The western Scythians travelled through the Caucasus mountains into Europe where they occupied south Russia. They became known as the Massagetae – the great Sakka horde, or just Sakka.

One could argue that the emergence of the Scythians in the Black Sea region at the same point in history that the ten tribes of Israel fled the kingdom of Israel was just a coincidence.

However, the presence of uniquely Israelite cultural traits and names among the Scythians confirms that the Scythians were, indeed, displaced and relocated Israelites from the ten-tribes of Israel.

The evidence for YHVH's weekly Sabbath days being tied to the phases of the moon is overwhelming. Just as surely as YHVH G-d brought the Israelites out of Egypt and revealed to them His Sabbath calendar, it is prophesied that His people will once again return to it IN THE FUTURE. The prophet Isaiah records the culmination of the ages in chapter 66:

For as the new heavens and the new earth, which I will make, shall remain before me, saith the Lord, so shall your seed and your name remain. And it shall come to pass, that from one new moon to another, and from one sabbath to another, shall all flesh come to worship before me, saith the Lord. Isa 66,22-23 KJV

 

[Benaiah468]

In the past, calendar months were associated with visible moon phases.

Seven days correspond to the time the moon needs to transition between the individual phases: Full moon, waning half, new moon and waxing half.

There is also evidence of the use of a different time calculation system, in which the month was divided into three parts of ten days each, with the decade being referred to in Hebrew by the term asor

And her brother and her mother said, Let the damsel abide with us a few days, at the least ten; after that she shall go. Gen.24:55 KJV
cf. the commentaries by Dillmann and Holzinger loc. cit.; Ex.12:3; Lev.16:29 .23:27 .25:9

Speak ye unto all the congregation of Israel, saying, In the tenth day of this month they shall take to them every man a lamb, according to the house of their fathers, a lamb for an house: Ex.12:3

And this shall be a statute for ever unto you: that in the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month, ye shall afflict your souls, and do no work at all, whether it be one of your own country, or a stranger that sojourneth among you: Lev.16:29

Also on the tenth day of this seventh month there shall be a day of atonement: it shall be an holy convocation unto you; and ye shall afflict your souls, and offer an offering made by fire unto the Lord. Lev.23:27

Then shalt thou cause the trumpet of the jubile to sound on the tenth day of the seventh month, in the day of atonement shall ye make the trumpet sound throughout all your land. Lev.25:9

This apparently corresponded to a third of the solar month, while the seven-day week was associated with the lunar month, of which it makes up about a quarter. The four-part division of the month was obviously common among the Hebrews and other ancient peoples.

In China, there are two calendars that are still followed today: one based on the moon and one based on the sun.

The Chinese lunar calendar is the most important, as it determines the dates of many traditional Chinese festivals. This follows the moon exactly, so the months are either 29 or 30 days long, depending on accurate predictions about the occurrence of the new moon at a particular location.

There is no astronomical basis for a seven-day grouping of days unless it is approximately a quarter phase of the moon.

The Chinese originally had a ten-day week, as this divides a month almost exactly into three (four seven-day weeks make 28 days, while three ten-day weeks make 30 days, while the exact length of the month is 29.53 days).

The conceptual design of the ancient Hindu calendar is also found in the Hebrew calendar, the Chinese calendar and the Babylonian calendar, but differs from the Gregorian calendar. Unlike the Gregorian calendar, which adds extra days to the month to compensate for the discrepancy between twelve lunar cycles (354 lunar days) and almost 365 solar days, the Hindu calendar retains the integrity of the lunar month but adds an extra full month, once every 32-33 months, to ensure that the festivals and harvest rituals fall in the correct season.

The Hindu texts used the lunar cycle to determine months and days, but the solar cycle to determine the entire year. This system is similar to the ancient Jewish and Babylonian calendars and presents the same challenge of explaining the discrepancy between the nearly 354 lunar days in twelve months and over 365 solar days in a year.

In the Indian calendar, a ‘leap day’ is inserted every four years to ensure that a year is 12 months long. Each month consists of two lunar weeks, beginning with a new moon, and contains exactly two lunar cycles.

Within each month there are two ‘periods’, each consisting of 15 ‘lunar days’. Although the solar and lunar days technically begin at different times, each solar day is assigned a specific lunar day numbered one to fifteen, either the light fortnight (waxing moon) or the dark fortnight (waning moon). The average duration of the months is 29.5 days, so that occasionally a day is cancelled. For example, the fourth day of the waxing moon may be followed by the sixth day in a month

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The Hindu calendar, also a lunisolar calendar, divides the month into two periods of fourteen days each, marking the waxing and waning moon.

In Hebrew, the lunar month is divided into quarters of seven days each, and the holy kings were sacrificed by force in the seventh year of their reign.

In the ancient Egyptian religion, the Menhorak were the seven lunar priestesses who served the G-ddess Hathor/Asherah.

The ancient Israelites celebrated the New Moon (Molad) holidays with a festival of worship (why?). Apparently the lunar calendar was sacred to the Israelite G-d.

‘Molad is counted as the day on which the moon is not visible from any point on earth. The moon is dark the day before and the day after. This moment is called ‘the birth of the new moon’. It is the official beginning and end of the lunar cycle. The molad or ‘astronomical new moon conjunction’, sometimes referred to as the ‘mean conjunction’, is usually shifted by a day or more during the year, resulting in the Hebrew calendar actually counting its holidays from the visible crescent moon.’
S.: „Understanding the Jewish Calendar“ by Rabbi Nathan Bushwick

According to Marcello Craveri, the Sabbath was

‘almost certainly derived from the Babylonian Shabattu, the festival of the full moon, but since all trace of such an origin was lost, the Hebrews attributed it to a biblical legend.’
S.: The Life of Jesus, by Cravery Marcello (1967), Grove Press, p.134

This conclusion is a contextual restoration of the corrupted creation account of Enuma Elish, which reads as follows:
‘On the Sabbath you shall then experience the time of the full moon in the middle of the month’

The lunar months of the Hebrew Calendar begin with the new moon Day. Day 15/Month around the full moon in the middle of the month equals to Day 7/week (Sabbath), the end of the second week

And on the fifteenth day of the same month is the feast of unleavened bread unto the Lord: seven days ye must eat unleavened bread. Lev.23:6
And in the fifteenth day of this month is the feast: seven days shall unleavened bread be eaten. Num.28:17
Sound the ram's horn at the New Moon, and when the moon is full, on the day of our festival; Ps.81:3
Seven days thou shalt eat unleavened bread, and in the seventh day [Sabbath] shall be a feast to the Lord. Ex.13:6
and becomes a heavenly brilliancy like a full moon, at the height of its increase at the end of the second WEEK… (Philo)

Like all other calendars, the Babylonian calendar had twelve lunar months (approximately 354 days) and a problem in aligning these with the solar year (approximately 365 days). In the Western calendar this is solved by separating the lunar phase from the calendar month; the Babylonians found a different solution by adding leap months. The Babylonians divided their lunar months into seven-day weeks, with the last day of the week having a special religious significance. The 28-day month, or a full lunar cycle, is a bit too large a period to be managed effectively, and so the Babylonians divided their months into four equal parts of seven.

 

[Benaiah468]

If we travel further back in time, we find that the moon was used as a calendar in the sky, as shown by cave paintings and stone carvings in the rock art of the Negev Desert.


The standard order of Creation Week is inherent in Genesis 1-2. This Creation Week set the Sabbath pattern, found in the 7x4 = 28; Lunar Mansions. The 28 stations reflect the movement of the Moon through a sidereal month. The transition from the end of one lunar phase to commencement of the next lunar phase is a most revered calendar unit across world cultures. In this way, G-d set aside the Sabbath Day as holy, consecrating the Sabbath in Israel for all time, which is a big reason why Israel has abided by a lunar calendar.
S.: The Structure of the Hebrew Menorah and the Pi ratio

https://up.picr.de/46391306ks.jpg

 

[Benaiah468]

Here is what I found at Chabad .org
Night before day vs day before night....

"Why Is Passover on Nissan 15, Not Nissan 14?​

A Long Day​

Also note that, in a certain sense, the celebration of the 15th is considered to be an extension of the 14th. How so? With regard to sacrifices, the verse states, “And the flesh of his thanksgiving peace offering shall be eaten on the day it is offered up; he shall not leave any of it over until morning.”4 In other words, if you were given one day to eat an offering, the day consisted of the daytime followed by its night (unlike all other purposes, for which Jewish calendar days consist of the night followed by the day). Thus, as far as sacrifices are concerned, the night after a sacrifice is brought is an extension of the day it is brought.5

Therefore, when it comes to the celebration of the Passover sacrifice, while it was eaten on the 15th, it was considered to be the same day as the 14th.

The Celebration of the 14th of Nissan"​

According to my understanding the sacrifices offered on the fifteenth day are the so-called chagiga, the Passover oxen that were to be eaten in the holy place, and not the Passover lamb (which had already been eaten the evening before).

Jews actually keep Day 15/month (Day 1/UB), also called the Night to be much Observed (Exodus) as the Passover (Day 14/month) by treating them as one and the same, even there are distinctions between the two.

 

[ralliann]

According to my understanding the sacrifices offered on the fifteenth day are the so-called chagiga, the Passover oxen that were to be eaten in the holy place, and not the Passover lamb (which had already been eaten the evening before).

Yes. Josephus mentions the Goats for sin were added to the sacrifices on each of those days as a feast for the priests (which were holy only for the priests to eat).

Jews actually keep Day 15/month (Day 1/UB), also called the Night to be much Observed (Exodus) as the Passover (Day 14/month) by treating them as one and the same, even there are distinctions between the two.

Yes, but that night was considered an extension of the 14th day, with regards to the sacrifice. It is quite clear the daily sacrifices were one (first) in the morning and one (second) in the evening. The festal sacrifice was to be offered just after the morning sacrifice each day.
Num 28:18 In the first day shall be an holy convocation; ye shall do no manner of servile work therein:
19 But ye shall offer a sacrifice made by fire for a burnt offering unto the LORD; two young bullocks, and one ram, and seven lambs of the first year: they shall be unto you without blemish:
20 And their meat offering shall be of flour mingled with oil: three tenth deals shall ye offer for a bullock, and two tenth deals for a ram;
21 A several tenth deal shalt thou offer for every lamb, throughout the seven lambs:
22 And one goat for a sin offering, to make an atonement for you.
23 Ye shall offer these beside the burnt offering in the morning, which is for a continual burnt offering.
24 After this manner ye shall offer daily, throughout the seven days, the meat of the sacrifice made by fire, of a sweet savour unto the LORD: it shall be offered beside the continual burnt offering, and his drink offering.

Le 23:37 These are the feasts of the LORD, which ye shall proclaim to be holy convocations, to offer an offering made by fire unto the LORD, a burnt offering, and a meat offering, a sacrifice, and drink offerings, every thing upon his day:

As a feast for the Priests (Goats for sin)

28 ¶ Then led they Jesus from Caiaphas unto the hall of judgment: and it was early; and they themselves went not into the judgment hall, lest they should be defiled; but that they might eat the passover.

 

[ralliann]

According to my understanding the sacrifices offered on the fifteenth day are the so-called chagiga, the Passover oxen that were to be eaten in the holy place, and not the Passover lamb (which had already been eaten the evening before).

The passover sacrifice was eaten that night 14 the/ not 15.
The festival passover sacrifice for the priests were eaten the evening of the 15th

Jews actually keep Day 15/month (Day 1/UB), also called the Night to be much Observed (Exodus) as the Passover (Day 14/month) by treating them as one and the same, even there are distinctions between the two.

Yes, that is my understanding as well. But it is with regards to sacrifices. You have liturgical days morning to evening daily.
Jn 11:9 Jesus answered, Are there not twelve hours in the day? If any man walk in the day, he stumbleth not, because he seeth the light of this world.
When we are speaking of Christ, we are focusing upon him as a sacrifice for sure.
As well as priesthood (royal) is also prominent as well.

 

[Benaiah468]

Most people claim that the count of 7 days has been continuous since creation, but the Scriptures do not specify a pattern for a continuous count of 7 days without interruption.

In Leviticus, chapter 25, a PATTERN is given for counting to 7 WITH interruption every 50 years, teaching how to count in increments of 7 to 50 and then start over.

The land Sabbath count of 7 year weeks (49 years) is interrupted at the 50th year, which is outside of these year weeks, and begins after 50 years with the Year of Jubilee and the blowing of the shofar on the Day of Atonement at the end of the 49th year.

The Jubilee is a year that separates or divides one set of annual weeks from the next (hence the Book of Jubilees is also called the Book of Division), just as the new moon separates or divides a set of monthly weeks from the next, both signaled with the sound of trumpets or a shofar to mark the division.

YHVH teaches us with patterns in His Word. His patterns are His WAYS, His PATHS.

 

[Benaiah468]

And thou shalt number seven sabbaths of years unto thee, seven times seven years; and the space of the seven sabbaths of years shall be unto thee forty and nine years.Then shalt thou cause the trumpet of the jubile to sound on the tenth day of the seventh month, in the day of atonement shall ye make the trumpet sound throughout all your land. And ye shall hallow the fiftieth year, and proclaim liberty throughout all the land unto all the inhabitants thereof: it shall be a jubile unto you; and ye shall return every man unto his possession, and ye shall return every man unto his family. Lev.25:8-10 KJV

The year of Jubilee begins on the Day of Atonement, which falls on the 10th day of the 7th month. Since the 1st month of G-d's calendar begins in the spring, the year of Jubilee begins in the fall and ends at the end of the summer. So the year of Jubilee begins at the end of one year and ends at the beginning of the other year. This happens because the sowing of barley and wheat begins in the fall. The harvest then takes place in the spring.

The last week of the years is made up of the following:

Sowing takes place in the autumn of the respective year:

1) 43
2) 44
3) 45
4) 46
5) 47
6) 48
7) but not in the autumn of the year 49, the year of preparation for the Jubilee year

Harvesting takes place in the spring of the year:

1) 44
2) 45
3) 46
4) 47
5) 48
6) 49
7) but not in the spring of the year 50 (the Sabbatical year) and not in the spring of the year 1 (the New Moon year).

Please note that in this last week there are six years of sowing and six years of reaping. These years are not identical. In other words, the years of sowing are one year before the years of harvest. This is a great mystery to the Western mind, but once we understand it, we can see that the lunar count is fulfilled by the Sabbath/Jubilee count in type.

Note also that there are two years of no sowing and two years of no harvest. This interruption of the work process coincides with the Sabbath and the New Moon at the end and beginning of our months, thus breaking the continuous, fictitious seven-year Sabbath count that people are so proud of on Saturn's day.

Now, if we continue with the counting, we find that in year 1 (which is year 8 of last week's count and year 1 in the new count), the planting takes place in the fall of that year. Then in the spring of the following year (year 2 of the new count and year 9 of the old count) the harvest takes place.

So the first week of the new count looks like this: In the first year, the new moon year of the old count, which is the first year of the new count, there is no harvest, but in the fall of the same year the planting takes place.

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A jubile shall that fiftieth year be unto you: ye shall not sow, neither reap that which groweth of itself in it, nor gather the grapes in it of thy vine undressed. Lev.25:11

Here it says that the 50th year is the year of jubilee, but this year does not begin in the spring, but in the fall on the Day of Atonement. The year of jubilee is therefore the last half of the sabbatical year (year 50) and the first half of the new moon year (year 1), in which there is no sowing and no reaping.

And if ye shall say, What shall we eat the seventh year? behold, we shall not sow, nor gather in our increase: Then I will command my blessing upon you in the sixth year, and it shall bring forth fruit for three years. And ye shall sow the eighth year, and eat yet of old fruit until the ninth year; until her fruits come in ye shall eat of the old store. Lev.25:20-22

This describes the transition from the previous jubilee cycle to the next. 3 years of blessing are required because the harvest of the 49th year must last until the 2nd harvest year of the next jubilee cycle

https://up.picr.de/47802260ew.jpg

The 8th year of sowing refers to the 1st year of sowing in the next cycle of jubilee. The old fruit up to the 9th year refers to the 2nd year of the harvest of the next cycle of jubilee. The fruit is old because it was harvested 3 years earlier in the 49th year of the previous jubilee cycle.

Please pay particular attention to the ‘Harvest’ column in the table above, because bringing in the harvest is hard work. The 8th, 15th, 22nd and 29th are land Sabbaths. Yes, it continues until year 50, but also note that year 2 of the next cycle of jubilee is the first year of labour. In parallel, the 2nd day of the month is the first day of the week.

The year of jubilee and the cycles run parallel to a lunar Sabbath. It does not support a continuous cycle. This is not the way G-d acts.

The year of jubilee interrupts the continuous cycle of land Sabbaths, just as the new moon interrupts the continuous cycle of weekly Sabbaths.

This is further proof that the lunar Sabbath is the correct way to calculate the weekly Sabbath, and not based on a continuous weekly cycle introduced by Rome.

 

[Benaiah468]

No place can be found in all of Scripture that highlights the week as having a unique time sequence all its own, entirely divorced from the sun, moon, or stars, and specifically from the lunar phases. The simple fact that because the Sabbath is identified in Genesis 1:14 as a SIGN predetermines that it was designed and ordained to be signaled by the LIGHTS He placed in the heavens, His trinity of sun, moon, and stars. To deny this is to contradict the foundational evidence specifically declared for all time-measuring by our Creator.

It is still more surprising that people can stoop so low to declare the seventh day of the week, as defined in Genesis, as designed to function with no ties to the BEGINNING OF THE MONTH, or for that matter to the BEGINNING OF THE YEAR, Rosh HaShanah. But it illustrates the depth and holds that deep-rooted traditions have over theologians. Yhvh told Moses and Aaron specifically to count to the 14th day from the New Moon (the first New Moon of the Year) for the placement of Passover on the 14th day

This month [New Moon] shall be unto you the beginning (rosh) of [lunar] months: it shall be the first month [in Order to the Lunar Months] of the [revolution of the] year (HaShanah) to you. Speak ye unto all the congregation of Israel, saying, In the tenth day of this [lunar] month they shall take to them every man a lamb, according to the house of their fathers, a lamb for an house:...And ye shall keep it up until the fourteenth day of the same [lunar] month:... Exodus 12:2-6a

Stunningly, in every place in Scripture that a date can be associated with the seventh-day Sabbath, it consistently falls upon the 8th, 15th, 22nd, and 29th of a lunar month. In other words, every seventh-day Sabbath identified in Scripture is consistently counted from the same New Moon.

Also, the very fact that Isaiah 66:22-23, Ezekiel 46:1-3, and Leviticus 23 exist is evidence that even YHVH utilized the New Moon “IN THE BEGINNING” of time on earth. Beginning each Year and Month with the New Moon is a much more impressive and synchronized example of the start of all things than simply assuming that the day prior to the first day of creation was the seventh day of the previous week’s cycle, fully divorced from the very LIGHTS He was creating for SIGNS and SIGNALS of TIME.

By extension, and in EVERY case recorded in Scripture, the day following Passover, the 14th, is the seventh-day Sabbath and the 15th date of the lunar month. This was the case, as illustrated in the verse above, for the first Passover, as well as the entire 40 years of wilderness wandering. But of vital importance, the Sabbath was also the 15th following the crucifixion of our Messiah, who fulfilled prophecy by laying down His life on Passover the 14th and rested in the Tomb over the Sabbath. For Passover was always the 14th day counted from the New Moon and the 6th day of the lunar week, which the seventh-day Sabbath followed.

The New Moon Day is a Scriptural reality and SACRED DAY. It is also the preordained starting point that must be included in the hypothesis of counting TIME from creation to the crucifixion and onward to modern times. And by so doing, it is discovered that the New Moon Day is a third kind of day that, for the mere fact of its existence, breaks the cycle of weeks each lunar month.

Earth was never intended to operate on an independent time-measuring sub-system wholly detached from that of the entire universe or its Creator. This was the missing puzzle piece in the Genesis account of the first week.

YHVH’s time-measuring model places New Moon Day consistently as DAY ONE of His lunar months and the first Sabbath as DAY EIGHT. The New Moon Day was pre-ordained as the BEGINNING of His YEARS, MONTHS, WEEKS, and DAYS. And from this monumental day, all sacred days were designated to be counted, such as New Moon Days, lunar Sabbaths, and all the lunar appointed Feast Days.

While the Day of the New Moon marks the harmonious commencement of each lunar month, the moon also demarcates with a unique lunar phase each day, counting from 1-29 or 30.

 

[Benaiah468]

The Dead Sea Scrolls are ancient manuscripts that were discovered between 1947 and 1956 in eleven caves near Khirbet Qumran, on the northwestern shores of the Dead Sea.
They are approximately two thousand years old, dating from the third century BCE to the first century CE. Most of the scrolls were written in Hebrew, with a smaller number in Aramaic or Greek. Most of them were written on parchment, with the exception of a few written on papyrus. The vast majority of the scrolls survived as fragments - only a handful were found intact. Nevertheless, scholars have managed to reconstruct from these fragments approximately 950 different manuscripts of various lengths.

The Qumran Caves Scrolls show that the lunar month has been tracked (or mapped) in specific half cycles of the moon (from either the limits of the full-phase or from boundary of the new-phase).

In his book Significance of the lunar week James D. Dwyer notes

https://up.picr.de/43753728jh.jpg

"A significant function of the lunar-week-unit or the lunar-quarter-phase was seemingly in the determination of the Sabbath--where each reoccurring 7th whole-day of the lunar-cycle was religiously observed.

To be more specific about half-Moon accounting, a day count between waxing and waning stages can especially be recognized from certain of the sea scrolls that were recovered at Qumran.

The following diagram shows a probably at that time common counting method of the moon cycle over two halves, 14 days of increasing and 14 days of decreasing moon. In between in each case a half day as extended Sabbath time and the following change in the observation of the day beginning. During the waxing moon phase the day began with the evening (evening to evening), after the full moon night in the middle of the moon cycle the day beginning changes then to the morning (morning to morning), in order to begin then again in the evening with sighting of the new moon crescent.

Week 1 =
1st stage of Moon waxing (nighttime + daytime)
2nd stage of Moon waxing (nighttime + daytime)
3rd stage of Moon waxing (nighttime + daytime)
4th stage of Moon waxing (nighttime + daytime)
5th stage of Moon waxing (nighttime + daytime)
6th stage of Moon waxing (nighttime + daytime)
7th stage of Moon waxing (nighttime + daytime)

Week 2 =
8th stage of Moon waxing (nighttime + daytime)
9th stage of Moon waxing (nighttime + daytime)
10th stage of Moon waxing (nighttime + daytime)
11th stage of Moon waxing (nighttime + daytime)
12th stage of Moon waxing (nighttime + daytime)
13th stage of Moon waxing (nighttime + daytime)
14th stage of Moon waxing (nighttime + daytime)
Full Moon evening (½ stage) * (nighttime)

Week 3 =
1st stage of Moon waning (daytime + nighttime)
2nd stage of Moon waxing (daytime + nighttime)
3rd stage of Moon waxing (daytime + nighttime)
4th stage of Moon waxing (daytime + nighttime)
5th stage of Moon waxing (daytime + nighttime)
6th stage of Moon waxing (daytime + nighttime)
7th stage of Moon waxing (daytime + nighttime)

Week 4 =
8th stage of Moon waning (daytime + nighttime)
9th stage of Moon waxing (daytime + nighttime)
10th stage of Moon waxing (daytime + nighttime)
11th stage of Moon waxing (daytime + nighttime)
12th stage of Moon waxing (daytime + nighttime)
13th stage of Moon waxing (daytime + nighttime)
14th stage of Moon waxing (daytime + nighttime)
New Moon daylight (½ stage) ** (daytime)

* -- The Moon "rules all night… " on this evening (FM)

https://up.picr.de/46374523dd.jpg

** -- The Moon "rules all the day… " on this day (NM)

https://up.picr.de/47862409lt.jpg

On the eighth of the month, the moon [rules all the day in the midst] of the sky, [fourteen and one-half parts being obscured. And when the sun sets,] its light [ceases] to be obscured, [and thus the moon begins to be revealed] on the first day of the week [(or 'Echd BShbt')] (the eighth of the month).

On the twenty-second [of the month, the moon rules all the night in the midst of the sky,] fourt[een and one-half parts being revealed.]
And when [the sun] sets, [its light ceases to be revealed,] and thus the moon begins to be [obscured on the first day of the week] [(or 'Echd BShbt')] [(the twenty-second of the month).]

The theme of Scroll 4Q317 is significant in mirroring that a segment of period astronomers would have formally charted the half-Moon cycle. On this respective scroll, the phases of the Moon (waxing and waning) are clearly mapped throughout 14 parts or stages of light and 14 parts or stages of dark.

It is here significant that 14 waxing days and 14 waning days inherently equal a total time span of 28 solar days.

Clement of Alexandria (2nd century) furthermore described the lunar month in 4 weekly periods of 7 days--as follows:

"And in periods of 7 days the moon undergoes its changes. In the first week she be comes half moon; in the second, full moon; and in the third, in her wane, again half moon; and in the fourth she disappears." ('The Stromata', Chapter 16).

It is pertinent to note that Scroll 4Q317 additionally shows the occurrence of 'Echd BShbt' (or literally, the 'One of the Sabbath') in correspondence with the waxing and waning stages of the Moon

The uniqueness of 'Mia' as a singular date which literally means a 'one' (and 'Sabbatwn' for a lunar-phase event) is significant in the regard that the cited singular date (a 'one') is indicated to have occurred in association with an extended Sabbath interval (at 'Sabbatwn'). This extended Sabbath (a time of plural Sabbaths) could only have occurred at the epoch of the half-lunar-cycle.

While it is clear from Scroll 4Q317 that the occurrences of NM and FM refer to two lunar quarter-phases (spaced at opposite halves of the lunar cycle, and thus spaced 14 and ½ days apart), it isn't fully or exactly clear--from the cited scroll-whether the 'One to the Sabbath' should refer to the first-phase (or first quarter) and to the third-phase (or third quarter), or to the new-phase and to the full-phase.

The early understanding of the term 'One to the Sabbath' (as shown on Scroll 4Q317) can hardly have been that of the first day of the literal seven-day week. Instead, the reoccurring date 'One to the Sabbath', spaced at 14 ½ day intervals, is indicated to distinctly pertain to the two nodes in opposite halves of the lunar-cycle."

The author of the book Discovering the Sabbath, David Pollina, also sees in the term a reference to the lunar calendar:

https://up.picr.de/43753726lo.jpg

"The popular English translation of this text is: 'first day of the week', but the term 'first' in the original Greek is more properly 'proton' or 'protos'.

Instead, all of the relevant Bible passages (Matthew 28:1; Mark 16:2 .9; Luke 24:1; John 20:1 .19; Acts 20:7; 1 Corinthians 16:2) unilaterally use the same identical word 'Mia'. Again, this conformity of usage--in all instances--proves that the translation 'first' is not fully correct.

Clearly and simply, the meaning of the unique date in the cited passages points away from the meaning of 'first day' and, instead, has a meaning akin to singular. (As a lunar-cycle date this meaning would probably refer to either one-stage-of-the-lunar-cycle, or perhaps to one-whole-extraneous-day which was counted in association with a progression of the lunar-weeks)."

Again, the consistency of this usage (in diverse instances) indicates that '1 of the Sabbatwn' refers to a formal lunar-calendar date.

 

[Benaiah468]

"Scroll 4Q317, in particular, shows the half Moon to have been uniquely tracked in corresponding parts or stages of light and darkness. The following paragraph represents a reconstruction of the scroll (based upon the currently available English translations):

4th of month, 11 parts obscured, Moon enters Day
5th of month, 12 parts obscured, Moon enters Day
6th of month, 13 parts obscured, Moon enters Day
7th of month, 14 parts obscured, Moon enters Day
8th of month, 14 and a half obscured and Moon...
... rules all Day

When the Sun sets, the light of the Moon is no
longer obscured. Thus, the Moon begins to be
revealed again on One-to-Sabbath [Echd BShbt],
the 8th of the month).

9th of month, 1 parts revealed, Moon enters Night
10th of month, 2 parts revealed, Moon enters Night
11th of month, 3 parts revealed, Moon enters Night
12th of month, 4 parts revealed, Moon enters Night
13th of month, 5 parts revealed, Moon enters Night
14th of month, 6 parts revealed, Moon enters Night
15th of month, 7 parts revealed, Moon enters Night
16th of month, 8 parts revealed, Moon enters Night
17th of month, 9 parts revealed, Moon enters Night
18th of month, 10 parts revealed, Moon enters Night
19th of month, 11 parts revealed, Moon enters Night
20th of month, 12 parts revealed, Moon enters Night
21st of month, 13 parts revealed, Moon enters Night
22nd of month, 14 parts revealed, Moon enters Night
22nd of month, 14 and a half revealed and Moon...
... rules all Night

When the Sun sets, the light of the Moon is no
longer revealed. Thus, the Moon begins to be
obscured again on One-to-Sabbath [Echd BShbt],
the 22nd of the month).

A unique half-month accounting for the revolution of the lunar month was recognized several years ago by those researchers who first worked on recovering the scrolls. A lead translator then noted that some among the ancients appear to have tracked the month cycle from the full phase of the Moon (J. T. Milik, 1959).

A modern equivalence is perhaps easier to make through an analysis of the early used Roman Calendar. This calendar was originally lunar based (with the full-phase of the Moon appearing at mid-month). In this lunar calendar, the last days of the Moon (in the waning phases) were counted backward to the beginning of the next month. Thus, the middle of the month (or the point of the full-phase of the Moon) was specially reckoned and this epoch seems to have had a certain special significance throughout the ancient world.

When describing the revolutions of the heavenly luminaries, the author (or authors) of the Enoch literature likewise noted that the location of a half part (or division) between light or darkness. The position of the cited half was described at the middle of the lunar month--as follows:

"[Light is given to the Moon] in (definite) measure. . . when her light is uniform it amounts to the 7th part. . . in the beginning. . . the Moon sets with the Sun, and is invisible that night with the 14 parts and the half of one of them. . . In single 7th parts she accomplishes all her light in the east, and in single 7th parts accomplishes all her darkness in the west . . . ".

Texts produced and reproduced in the era of the Temple thus mirror that some among the ancients did uniquely account for each half-Moon cycle--where each half month was resolved in the context of a fixed time grid or pattern (of light or darkness).

The celebration (called the 'one' or the 'first') is of special interest because in several verses throughout the NT a seemingly similar Sabbath date can be cited. In example, the previously quoted verse from the book of Acts mirrors a nighttime assembly among Christians on this date--as follows:

"And upon the One-to-the-Sabbaths [or Greek: Mia twn Sabbatwn], when the disciples came together to break bread, Paul preached unto them, in expectation (or observance) of the coming of morning; and continued his speech until midnight . . . When he . . . had broken bread, and eaten, and talked a long while, even till break of light had come, they brought the young man . . . " (refer to the Greek version, Chapter 20: verses 7-12).

In the Acts account, the disciples are shown assembled upon 'Mia twn Sabbatwn'. (Note that "One-to-the-Sabbaths" would represent a literal translation of the cited calendar term). Because of the description of an assembly throughout the night hours upon the One-to-the-Sabbaths, it seems plausible to interpret this respective occasion in the context of Enoch's guides."