a most valuable work by Historian Edwin Yamauchi from 1965, is a quality objective source that stands in opposition to this view. His study titled, “
Tammuz and the Bible“ can be found in the
Journal of Biblical Literature (LXXXIV), filling in the necessary missing data about the truth of these other myths that Frazer seemed to carelessly gloss over. The summation of his scholarly response that I got to explore can be viewed in
Christianity Today magazine called “
Easter: Myth, Hallucination, or History” (Pt.1, March 15, 1974, and Pt.2, March 29, 1974)! Yamauchi really gives us a look at the reality of the so-called evidences used in such a comparative study…
Archaeology had uncovered two parallel mother/son accounts of the same myth, one from the Mesopotamian Empire (Ishtar/Tammuz), and the other from the Sumerian Empire (Inanna/Damuzi)! The end portions of both examples were missing. The alleged resurrection by the power of his goddess mother was simply assumed through the preconceived notions of certain experts centuries later (Goguel, Guignebert, Loisy, etc.). The idea was that he was a savior/god who was killed in a rather brutal fashion, and was then raised to life by this goddess mother. They saw in their assumptive conclusion an indirect parallel with the Jesus events.
By 1960, only 30 years later, much more revealing evidence had been uncovered. Professor S. N. Kramer came out with “
The Death of Damuzi“, which Professor Yamauchi demonstrates, “
proves conclusively that instead of rescuing Damuzi from the Underworld, Inanna sent him there as her substitute“. Wow! What a mom! For other comparative examples given by the critical school let’s look at the Adonis and Osiris myths.
In the Adonis myth only a handful mention a resurrection motif. It turns out that all those examples of these stories are from 2 to 4 centuries
after the Christ event! In fact, there are no extant examples with that ending prior to the death, burial, and resurrection of Jesus which even speak of such things.
Now as for Osiris, we actually have a sort of resurrection story but is it from before Jesus? Plutarch was not even born until a decade or more after the Jesus events. This ending is only found in the writings of Plutarch from the late 1st or early 2nd century A.D., and it should be noted that in his tale, Osiris in no wise comes back to walk among us in the land of the living, but rather according to the ancient source legends of Egypt Plutarch refers us to, Osiris is raised to immortality
in the netherworld, the same place sought for an afterlife by all subsequent Pharaohs, at least from that period on. Complete mummification of the body was one of the major pre-requisites for this journey.
The examples from Yamauchi’s marvelous work could continue to be presented, but this should suffice to make the point. Physical resurrection from the dead into the land of the living is unheard of anywhere before the Jesus events. Thus, it is much more likely that these later interpolations on the more ancient source myths were based on the shocking nature of the resurrection of Christ as opposed to the other way around. Do you see how these wolves, hiding within their sheepskins, have twisted the facts to fit their agenda?
Only in the example of the central events of the New Testament do we see an overcoming of death in the proper sense of the idea. All other examples are purely mystifications of the cycle of the seasons, and the looking forward to the resurgence of vegetation in the spring or the allowance into the underworld, which through Christ we all hope to avoid.
You can read the complete “
Easter: Myth, Hallucination, or History” (Pt.1, March 15, 1974, and Pt.2, March 29, 1974) at
http://www.leaderu.com/everystudent/easter/articles/yama.html
In His love
Paul