Fascinating. Loved investigating that.
So...Australian states?
New South Wales Named after the original South Wales in the UK (where I originally come from). Cap'n Cook thought the coast looked similar. I think he must have been drunk at the time.
Victoria Named after Queen Victoria.
Queensland Umm...named after Queen Victoria.
Tasmania Named after Abel Tasman, Dutch guy who was first European to find the place. Went from there to NZ and the wet bit between one and the other is now the Tasman Sea.
Western Australia Well, it's..um..in the west.
South Australia And this is..ah..in the south.
Northern Territories Not a state, but territories in...the north.
Canberra Likewise not a state, but the Australian Capitol Territory (ACT). Kinda like Washington DC. A little odd that it's wholey within NSW.
All the states were originally self governing colonies but in 1901 agreed to form the Commonwealth of Australia. New Zealand and Fiji had second thoughts and passed on the opportunity.