"First, they [the papalists] say that the sacrament of the Eucharist itself, or the whole of that which was instituted by Christ that it might be received, should be adored with the cult of latria. But now the Eucharist, according to the dictum of Irenaeus, consists of two things, an earthly and a heavenly. Therefore also the earthly elements of bread and wine in the Eucharist would have to be adored with the cult of latria. This could in no way be excused or defended against the open charge of idolatry or bread worship. Therefore they invent their transubstantiation, lest the substance of the bread be at the same time worshiped. But because the opinion of transubstantiation is uncertain -- Paul asserts that it is bread also after the blessing, Theodoret says that the nature of the elements is not changed in the Eucharist, Gelasius teaches that they keep the property of their own nature -- therefore when it is taught that the whole of that which is present in the Eucharist and is distributed and received should be adored with the cult of latria, there are included at the same time also the elements of bread and wine, which can neither be worshiped without idolatry nor should be worshiped. Therefore, to beware of idolatry, a clear distinction must be made: Christ, God and man, present in His divine and human nature in the action of the Supper, should be worshiped; however, the substance or form of the elements of bread and wine should not be worshiped lest, beside the Creator, we worship also the creature (Rom. 1:25). Therefore the sacrament of the Eucharist is not to be worshiped in the same way in which, because of the personal union, we worship and venerate the humanity and the divinity in the person of Christ with one worship, for the union of the bread and of the body of Christ in the Supper is not personal; but because the Eucharist consists of two things, an earthly and a heavenly, worship and veneration is not to be directed to the earthly elements, bread and wine, but to Christ, God and man, who in this action decreed and promised His presence in a particular and gracious manner. So the Israelites worshiped, not the wood, not the gold, not the cherubim of the ark of the covenant, but God Himself only, who had promised His presence there. Neither is the worship of Christ to be tied or affixed to the elements of bread and wine, for He is not contained in them as being locally shut in. We eat the bread of the Supper reverently, but in our worship we look upon Christ Himself, supernaturally present in heavenly majesty in the Supper." (Martin Chemnitz, Examination of the Council of Trent)
