The rapture doctrine, as understood in modern Christian eschatology, is a relatively recent theological concept. It emerged prominently in the 1830s, largely attributed to the teachings of John Nelson Darby, a British evangelist and theologian. Darby developed the idea as part of dispensational premillennialism, which interprets biblical prophecies as events yet to occur [
Rapture - Wikipedia] [
Chapter 17: The Rapture Theory - Its Surprising Origin].
The term "rapture" itself is derived from the Latin word
raptura, meaning "to seize" or "to carry off," and is linked to the Greek word
harpazo found in 1 Thessalonians 4:17, which describes believers being "caught up" to meet Christ in the air. Darby's interpretation distinguished the rapture from the second coming of Christ, proposing that the rapture would precede a seven-year tribulation period, followed by Christ's return and the establishment of a millennial kingdom[
Rapture - Wikipedia].
While the rapture doctrine gained traction among certain evangelical groups, particularly in the United States, it is not universally accepted across Christian denominations. Many interpret the aerial gathering described in 1 Thessalonians 4 as symbolic of the elect joining Christ in heaven after his second coming, without the extended tribulation period [
The Rapture | Belief, Definition, & Predictions | Britannica].