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<blockquote data-quote="Lilandra" data-source="post: 21819698" data-attributes="member: 93927"><p><span style="font-size: 10px">I think that it is pretty simple to follow.</span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-size: 10px">I would like to answer the claim that evolution is restricted within species and is no more than genetic diversity within a species group. Remembering that a species is typically defined as a population of animals that typically reside in the same geographic location that generally do not breed with another group of animals.</span></p><p> <span style="font-size: 10px"></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 10px"><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'">There are several reasons (isolating mechanisms) why different species restrict gene flow within their own group. </span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-size: 10px"><span style="font-family: 'Symbol'">· </span><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'">Ecological isolation. Species occupy or breed in different habitats. Ex. The kit fox (</span><em><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Vulpes aelox)</span></em><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"> and the artic fox (</span><em><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Alopex lagopus)</span></em><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'">. The Artic Fox in the extreme north is a good example of genetic isolation because its geographic isolation from other small canids has resulted in enough genetic drift that it is considered a different genus. All canids can still interbreed despite being dispersed around the globe because of the ability of large canids like the American Gray Wolf to cross vast distances.</span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px">Gray wolf</span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px"><img src="http://www.thewildones.org/RWulff/clupus.gif" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" /></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"><a href="http://www.thewildones.org/Animals/grayWolf.html" target="_blank"><u><span style="font-size: 10px"><span style="color: #800080">http://www.thewildones.org/Animals/grayWolf.html</span></span></u></a><span style="font-size: 10px">.</span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px">The Gray Wolf is known to cross 1000s of kilometers in its own lifetime. Genetic exchanges between Gray wolves and coyotes are threatening the Red Wolf (has an intermediate size between the 2 other species) population with extinction. </span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px">redwolf </span></span></p><p> </p><p> </p><p></p><p><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"><p style="text-align: left"><img src="http://www.fws.gov/alligatorriver/images/BarronCrawfordportrait.jpg" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" /></p><p></span></p><p> <span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"></span></p><p> <span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"></span><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"><a href="http://www.fws.gov/alligatorriver/redwolf.html" target="_blank"><u><span style="font-size: 10px"><span style="color: #800080">http://www.fws.gov/alligatorriver/redwolf.html</span></span></u></a><span style="font-size: 10px">.</span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px">coyote</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px"><a href="http://javascript<b></b>:;" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.coyotes-coyotes.com/pictures-images-gallery/coyotes-01.jpg" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" /></a></span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"><a href="http://www.coyotes-coyotes.com/coyotes-pictures.htm" target="_blank"><u><span style="font-size: 10px"><span style="color: #800080">http://www.coyotes-coyotes.com/coyotes-pictures.htm</span></span></u></a><span style="font-size: 10px">.</span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-size: 10px"><span style="font-family: 'Symbol'">· </span><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'">Temporal isolation can happen when different species even in the same geographic location do not to breed because mating occurs during different seasons or even different parts of the day.</span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-size: 10px"><span style="font-family: 'Symbol'">· </span><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'">Behavioral isolation occurs when a species prefers to mate within its own group. Differences in courtship rituals for example.</span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-size: 10px"><span style="font-family: 'Symbol'">· </span><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'">Mechanical isolation is when 2 species are physically incapable of breeding even if they wanted to.</span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px">After mating there are isolating mechanisms like lack of viable or sterile offspring. Like a horse and donkey producing a mule. </span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px">Isolating mechanisms do more than restrict mating within an ancestral group they drive evolution. Speciation occurs because groups within an ancestral group of animals become isolated by any of the above mechanisms. Genetic drift (differences in DNA recombination in a breeding population) results from the isolation. More marked genetic differences are selected for by the animals environment. Size for example may be selected for in animals that take large or small prey.</span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px">There are 34 different species of canids in the Canidae family. Canids exhibit diverse morphological changes due to the diverse habitats they inhabit around the world. Moreover morphological changes have been observed and even artificially selected for by humans. No one disputes that the Jack Russel Terrier and Gray wolves are related despite a profound difference in appearance. In fact, appearances can be deceiving as the Gray Wolf and domestic dogs are vastly more genetically similar than different. MtDNA sequencing shows a .02 difference between Canus lupus and </span></span></p><p> </p><p><em><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px">Canus lupus familiaris. </span></span></em></p><p><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial'"><a href="http://rds.yahoo.com/S=96062857/K=Jack+Russel+terrier/v=2/SID=e/l=II/R=10/SS=i/OID=56ff792deebf6eb4/SIG=1k5e4702b/EXP=1125969756/*-http%3A//images.search.yahoo.com/search/images/view?back=http%3A%2F%2Fimages.search.yahoo.com%2Fsearch%2Fimages%3Fp%3DJack%2BRussel%2Bterrier%26ei%3DUTF-8%26fr%3Dslv1-wave%26fl%3D0%26x%3Dwrt&h=232&w=200&imgcurl=www.norgeshundeportal.no%2FRasene%2FImages%2Fjack-russell-terrier.jpg&imgurl=www.norgeshundeportal.no%2FRasene%2FImages%2Fjack-russell-terrier.jpg&size=5.8kB&name=jack-russell-terrier.jpg&rcurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.norgeshundeportal.no%2FRasene%2FJack%2520russel%2520terrier.htm&rurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.norgeshundeportal.no%2FRasene%2FJack%2520russel%2520terrier.htm&p=Jack+Russel+terrier&type=jpeg&no=10&tt=5,649&ei=UTF-8" target="_blank"><img src="http://re2.mm-a1.yimg.com/image/114425516" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" /></a></span></span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px">Now either God specially created all 34 species of dogs to appear related or they obviously are. 34 species of canids are part of a total 1.4 million known living species of organisms on the planet Earth. These species are a small portion of the species that have inhabited the Earth. Again either similarities used to group these species taxonomically are inherited or created to look as though they were inherited.</span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"><a href="http://faculty.uca.edu/~johnc/evolution_and_diversity1441.htm" target="_blank"><u><span style="font-size: 10px"><span style="color: #800080">http://faculty.uca.edu/~johnc/evolution_and_diversity1441.htm</span></span></u></a><span style="font-size: 10px">.</span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px"><img src="http://faculty.uca.edu/~johnc/BIODIV1.GIF" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" /> </span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-size: 10px"><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'">How many species?</span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-size: 10px"><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'">1.4 million (maybe up to 100 million)</span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px">-insects highest number: ~750,000 with 290,000 Coleoptera (beetles)</span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px">I will stop here if anyone wants to discuss speciation and its relationship to evolution.</span></span></p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px">Sources</span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"><a href="http://www.idir.net/~wolf2dog/wayne1.htm" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: 10px"><span style="color: #800080"><u>http://www.idir.net/~wolf2dog/wayne1.htm</u></span></span></a></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"><a href="http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/faq-speciation.html#part4" target="_blank"><u><span style="font-size: 10px"><span style="color: #800080">http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/faq-speciation.html#part4</span></span></u></a></span></p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="Lilandra, post: 21819698, member: 93927"] [SIZE=2]I think that it is pretty simple to follow.[/SIZE] [SIZE=2]I would like to answer the claim that evolution is restricted within species and is no more than genetic diversity within a species group. Remembering that a species is typically defined as a population of animals that typically reside in the same geographic location that generally do not breed with another group of animals. [FONT=Verdana]There are several reasons (isolating mechanisms) why different species restrict gene flow within their own group. [/FONT][/SIZE] [SIZE=2][FONT=Symbol]· [/FONT][FONT=Verdana]Ecological isolation. Species occupy or breed in different habitats. Ex. The kit fox ([/FONT][I][FONT=Times New Roman]Vulpes aelox)[/FONT][/I][FONT=Verdana] and the artic fox ([/FONT][I][FONT=Times New Roman]Alopex lagopus)[/FONT][/I][FONT=Verdana]. The Artic Fox in the extreme north is a good example of genetic isolation because its geographic isolation from other small canids has resulted in enough genetic drift that it is considered a different genus. All canids can still interbreed despite being dispersed around the globe because of the ability of large canids like the American Gray Wolf to cross vast distances.[/FONT][/SIZE] [FONT=Verdana][SIZE=2]Gray wolf[/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Verdana][SIZE=2][IMG]http://www.thewildones.org/RWulff/clupus.gif[/IMG][/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Verdana][URL="http://www.thewildones.org/Animals/grayWolf.html"][U][SIZE=2][COLOR=#800080]http://www.thewildones.org/Animals/grayWolf.html[/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][/URL][SIZE=2].[/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Verdana][SIZE=2]The Gray Wolf is known to cross 1000s of kilometers in its own lifetime. Genetic exchanges between Gray wolves and coyotes are threatening the Red Wolf (has an intermediate size between the 2 other species) population with extinction. [/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Verdana][SIZE=2]redwolf [/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Verdana][LEFT][IMG]http://www.fws.gov/alligatorriver/images/BarronCrawfordportrait.jpg[/IMG][/LEFT] [/FONT][FONT=Verdana][URL="http://www.fws.gov/alligatorriver/redwolf.html"][U][SIZE=2][COLOR=#800080]http://www.fws.gov/alligatorriver/redwolf.html[/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][/URL][SIZE=2].[/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Verdana][SIZE=2]coyote[/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Verdana][SIZE=2][URL="http://javascript<b></b>:;"][IMG]http://www.coyotes-coyotes.com/pictures-images-gallery/coyotes-01.jpg[/IMG][/URL][/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Verdana][URL="http://www.coyotes-coyotes.com/coyotes-pictures.htm"][U][SIZE=2][COLOR=#800080]http://www.coyotes-coyotes.com/coyotes-pictures.htm[/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][/URL][SIZE=2].[/SIZE][/FONT] [SIZE=2][FONT=Symbol]· [/FONT][FONT=Verdana]Temporal isolation can happen when different species even in the same geographic location do not to breed because mating occurs during different seasons or even different parts of the day.[/FONT][/SIZE] [SIZE=2][FONT=Symbol]· [/FONT][FONT=Verdana]Behavioral isolation occurs when a species prefers to mate within its own group. Differences in courtship rituals for example.[/FONT][/SIZE] [SIZE=2][FONT=Symbol]· [/FONT][FONT=Verdana]Mechanical isolation is when 2 species are physically incapable of breeding even if they wanted to.[/FONT][/SIZE] [FONT=Verdana][SIZE=2]After mating there are isolating mechanisms like lack of viable or sterile offspring. Like a horse and donkey producing a mule. [/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Verdana][SIZE=2]Isolating mechanisms do more than restrict mating within an ancestral group they drive evolution. Speciation occurs because groups within an ancestral group of animals become isolated by any of the above mechanisms. Genetic drift (differences in DNA recombination in a breeding population) results from the isolation. More marked genetic differences are selected for by the animals environment. Size for example may be selected for in animals that take large or small prey.[/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Verdana][SIZE=2]There are 34 different species of canids in the Canidae family. Canids exhibit diverse morphological changes due to the diverse habitats they inhabit around the world. Moreover morphological changes have been observed and even artificially selected for by humans. No one disputes that the Jack Russel Terrier and Gray wolves are related despite a profound difference in appearance. In fact, appearances can be deceiving as the Gray Wolf and domestic dogs are vastly more genetically similar than different. MtDNA sequencing shows a .02 difference between Canus lupus and [/SIZE][/FONT] [I][FONT=Verdana][SIZE=2]Canus lupus familiaris. [/SIZE][/FONT][/I] [FONT=Verdana][SIZE=2][FONT=Arial][URL="http://rds.yahoo.com/S=96062857/K=Jack+Russel+terrier/v=2/SID=e/l=II/R=10/SS=i/OID=56ff792deebf6eb4/SIG=1k5e4702b/EXP=1125969756/*-http%3A//images.search.yahoo.com/search/images/view?back=http%3A%2F%2Fimages.search.yahoo.com%2Fsearch%2Fimages%3Fp%3DJack%2BRussel%2Bterrier%26ei%3DUTF-8%26fr%3Dslv1-wave%26fl%3D0%26x%3Dwrt&h=232&w=200&imgcurl=www.norgeshundeportal.no%2FRasene%2FImages%2Fjack-russell-terrier.jpg&imgurl=www.norgeshundeportal.no%2FRasene%2FImages%2Fjack-russell-terrier.jpg&size=5.8kB&name=jack-russell-terrier.jpg&rcurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.norgeshundeportal.no%2FRasene%2FJack%2520russel%2520terrier.htm&rurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.norgeshundeportal.no%2FRasene%2FJack%2520russel%2520terrier.htm&p=Jack+Russel+terrier&type=jpeg&no=10&tt=5,649&ei=UTF-8"][IMG]http://re2.mm-a1.yimg.com/image/114425516[/IMG][/URL][/FONT][/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Verdana][SIZE=2]Now either God specially created all 34 species of dogs to appear related or they obviously are. 34 species of canids are part of a total 1.4 million known living species of organisms on the planet Earth. These species are a small portion of the species that have inhabited the Earth. Again either similarities used to group these species taxonomically are inherited or created to look as though they were inherited.[/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Verdana][URL="http://faculty.uca.edu/~johnc/evolution_and_diversity1441.htm"][U][SIZE=2][COLOR=#800080]http://faculty.uca.edu/~johnc/evolution_and_diversity1441.htm[/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][/URL][SIZE=2].[/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Verdana][SIZE=2][IMG]http://faculty.uca.edu/~johnc/BIODIV1.GIF[/IMG] [/SIZE][/FONT] [SIZE=2][FONT=Verdana]How many species?[/FONT][/SIZE] [SIZE=2][FONT=Verdana]1.4 million (maybe up to 100 million)[/FONT][/SIZE] [FONT=Verdana][SIZE=2]-insects highest number: ~750,000 with 290,000 Coleoptera (beetles)[/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Verdana][SIZE=2]I will stop here if anyone wants to discuss speciation and its relationship to evolution.[/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Verdana][SIZE=2]Sources[/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Verdana][URL="http://www.idir.net/~wolf2dog/wayne1.htm"][SIZE=2][COLOR=#800080][U]http://www.idir.net/~wolf2dog/wayne1.htm[/U][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL][/FONT] [FONT=Verdana][URL="http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/faq-speciation.html#part4"][U][SIZE=2][COLOR=#800080]http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/faq-speciation.html#part4[/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][/URL][/FONT] [/QUOTE]
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