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Air Force Pilots Resigning over Vaccination Mandates
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<blockquote data-quote="Hans Blaster" data-source="post: 76208666" data-attributes="member: 396028"><p>That really depends on the meaning of "regular". (my question is still outstanding in post #3.)</p><p></p><p>Before we could manufacture custom nucleic acids or manipulate viral genes, vaccines were* created by taking the actual pathogenic virus and injecting it live, weakened, or dead into the patient, so that the immune system would react to the virus and begin to form lasting memory and defense against it. (As you might guess, a live virus injection sometimes causes the actual disease, so it is generally not the preferred method.) I believe there are vaccines of this type for COVID-19, but not available in the US.</p><p></p><p>The other vaccines use technologies that never put the full SARS-CoV-2 virus (alive or dead) into the body but rather have the immune system react to the spike proteins on the virus surface. One of these involves just injecting a bunch of spike proteins. (Not approved for US usage yet.) Another method uses a "vector" virus (typically a low-impact "cold" virus) and adds the gene for the spike protein to its genome, so that when it invades a cell the conquered cell also transcribes the gene into mRNA and then makes spike proteins. The J&J/Jansen vaccine is of this type. The last type involves injecting the mRNA directly which then makes the spike proteins after cells take it in. (mRNA has a very short lifetime in the cell and your cells that need to continuously make a specific protein, also need to continuously transcribe DNA to mRNA to keep that process going.)</p><p></p><p>* Ironically (perhaps), the very first vaccine was made for small pox by exposing people to a related disease in cows called (wait for it...) cow pox. Even the name vaccine comes from the latin term for dairy cattle -- vacca.</p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="Hans Blaster, post: 76208666, member: 396028"] That really depends on the meaning of "regular". (my question is still outstanding in post #3.) Before we could manufacture custom nucleic acids or manipulate viral genes, vaccines were* created by taking the actual pathogenic virus and injecting it live, weakened, or dead into the patient, so that the immune system would react to the virus and begin to form lasting memory and defense against it. (As you might guess, a live virus injection sometimes causes the actual disease, so it is generally not the preferred method.) I believe there are vaccines of this type for COVID-19, but not available in the US. The other vaccines use technologies that never put the full SARS-CoV-2 virus (alive or dead) into the body but rather have the immune system react to the spike proteins on the virus surface. One of these involves just injecting a bunch of spike proteins. (Not approved for US usage yet.) Another method uses a "vector" virus (typically a low-impact "cold" virus) and adds the gene for the spike protein to its genome, so that when it invades a cell the conquered cell also transcribes the gene into mRNA and then makes spike proteins. The J&J/Jansen vaccine is of this type. The last type involves injecting the mRNA directly which then makes the spike proteins after cells take it in. (mRNA has a very short lifetime in the cell and your cells that need to continuously make a specific protein, also need to continuously transcribe DNA to mRNA to keep that process going.) * Ironically (perhaps), the very first vaccine was made for small pox by exposing people to a related disease in cows called (wait for it...) cow pox. Even the name vaccine comes from the latin term for dairy cattle -- vacca. [/QUOTE]
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