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Discussion and Debate
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Ethics & Morality
Kid's Corporal Punishment - a Risk to Mental Health
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<blockquote data-quote="stevevw" data-source="post: 77660692" data-attributes="member: 342064"><p>Actually they are. They are very much intwined. How we feel about something influences us a lot as to what we believe. If you feel something isn't right or that theres a threat then you also believe the same. But the feeling is what brought you to that state of mind. If you have not got the insight, the emotional regualtion then your going to be fooled by your feelings and believe stuff that is not real.</p><p> </p><p><em><span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"><strong>Emotions can affect our attitudes</strong></span><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)"> and behavior directly and indirectly. </span></em></p><p><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/emotions-how-does-affect-our-attitudes-behaviour-vinda-anisa-kharisma" target="_blank">Emotions: How does it affect our attitudes and behaviour?</a></p><p></p><p><em><span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"><strong>Beliefs are related to emotional processes</strong></span><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)"> after controlling for symptoms. Holding “unfriendly” beliefs predicts greater psychopathology. </span></em></p><p>[URL unfurl="true"]https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0191886920307327[/URL]</p><p></p><p><em><span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"><strong>Behaviour is affected by</strong></span><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)"> factors relating to the person, including: </span><span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"><strong>personal and emotional factors</strong></span><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)"> - personality, </span><span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"><strong>beliefs, expectations, emotions, mental health, life experiences</strong></span><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)"> - family, culture, friends and life events. </span> </em></p><p><a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/mentalhealth/psychosocial/principles/Pages/behaviour-factors.aspx" target="_blank">Principles for effective support - What factors can affect behaviour?</a></p><p> </p><p><em><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)">Emotions create a physical response within your mind and your feelings are conscious, they can impact your behavior. In some cases,</span><span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"><strong> people believe behaviors are justified because of the intensity of their emotions.</strong></span><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)"> They may struggle to understand that behavior is a choice that does not have to follow an emotion. </span></em></p><p></p><p><strong>Negative emotionality and aggression in violent offenders: The moderating role of emotion dysregulation </strong></p><p><em><span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"><strong>Negative emotionality (NE) is positively related to physical aggression.</strong></span><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)"> Positive emotionality was largely unrelated with emotion dysregulation and physical aggression.</span></em></p><p><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047235217301460" target="_blank">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047235217301460</a></p><p> </p><p><em><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)">Because your </span><span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"><strong>feelings are based on your perception of certain events, they can lead you astray. </strong></span><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)">Your emotions are real, but your feelings are based on your perception of the situation. For that reason, your feelings could be misplaced or focused too much on thoughts. </span><span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"><strong>You may perceive a situation opposite to what it is</strong></span><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)">, which could lead to feelings that don't match. Some people may struggle to label their emotions, </span><span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"><strong>causing a sense of loss of control.</strong></span><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)"> </span></em></p><p><a href="https://www.betterhelp.com/advice/behavior/behaviors-emotions-and-feelings-how-they-work-together/" target="_blank">https://www.betterhelp.com/advice/behavior/behaviors-emotions-and-feelings-how-they-work-together/</a></p><p> </p><p><em><span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"><strong>Emotion has a substantial influence on the cognitive processes</strong></span><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)"> in humans, </span><span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"><strong>including perception, attention, learning, memory, reasoning, and problem solving.</strong></span><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)"> Emotion has a </span><span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"><strong>particularly strong influence on attention</strong></span><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)">, especially modulating the selectivity of attention as well as motivating action and behavior. </span></em></p><p><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5573739/#:~:text=Emotion%20has%20a%20substantial%20influence,as%20motivating%20action%20and%20behavior" target="_blank">The Influences of Emotion on Learning and Memory</a>.</p><p></p><p><em><span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"><strong>Irrational and unreal beliefs are higher when emotional stress is elevated </strong></span><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)">which explains why distress is so often linked to abuse. </span></em><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)"><em>Trait-like emotional distress (i.e., high levels of depression or anxiety) is a marker of vulnerability to psychopathology. Irrational beliefs tend to be higher when trait emotional distress is elevated. </em></span><em><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)"> </span></em><strong> </strong></p><p><a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01423/full" target="_blank">Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT), Irrational and Rational Beliefs, and the Mental Health of Athletes</a></p><p> </p><p>This article explains how treatments that address the psychiological distress decrease negative thinking and beliefs. So it appears that treating the underlying psychological issues is what actually changes beliefs.</p><p></p><p>This supports the previous claim that you can't just treat the belief but also the psyche that is behind the beliefs so that it helps parents think more realistically and positively so that they need not believe such destructive ideas as abusing others.</p><p></p><p><em><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)">Anxiety and depression are associated with </span><span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"><strong>impaired executive control, dysfunctional relationships among cognitive, emotional, and motivational processes, and abnormal activity in brain regions </strong></span><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)">that are part of networks implementing these processes. Psychological/behavioral, pharmacological, and direct physiological (e.g., electroconvulsive therapy [ECT]) interventions have been</span><span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"><strong> shown to reduce emotional symptoms, decrease negative thoughts and beliefs,</strong></span> <span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"><strong>and alter maladaptive motivational and behavioral styles</strong></span><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)"> (for reviews, see Mayberg, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3678097/#B173" target="_blank"><u>2000</u></a>; Mayberg et al., <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3678097/#B178" target="_blank"><u>2005</u></a>; DeRubeis et al., <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3678097/#B65" target="_blank"><u>2008</u></a>; Frewen et al., <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3678097/#B84" target="_blank"><u>2008</u></a>; Clark and Beck, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3678097/#B47" target="_blank"><u>2010</u></a>).</span></em></p><p><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3678097/" target="_blank">Relationships among cognition, emotion, and motivation: implications for intervention and neuroplasticity in psychopathology</a></p><p></p><p>This article is particularly good at explaining how emotions, feelings and beliefs are intertwined and how in fact changiung belief requires changing how a person feels first about whatever they believe in. .</p><p></p><p><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)"><em>All thought is affect-laden and important personal beliefs </em></span><span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"><em><strong>changing your mind does indeed mean changing how you feel, especially so for beliefs, which are more emotion-sensitive than knowledge.</strong></em></span></p><p></p><p><em><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)">Further, </span></em><span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"><em><strong>salient beliefs</strong></em></span><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)"><em>, i.e., convictions that are experienced as central to survival, identity, and attachment </em></span><span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"><em><strong>are even more emotion-sensitive </strong></em></span><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)"><em>than other beliefs. </em></span><span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"><em><strong>Toxic beliefs </strong></em></span><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)"><em>engendered by disinformation and of concern to cognitive immunology</em></span><span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"><em><strong> are nearly always salient beliefs</strong></em></span><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)"><em>, i.e., pivotal to the believer’s identity, affect regulation and affiliative needs.</em></span></p><p><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)"><em>'</em></span></p><p><em><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)">If a debunking message is perceived as a direct threat to a salient belief, intense negative emotions can activate strategies to discredit the source or ignore the evidence.</span></em><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)"><em><a href="https://www.prosocial.world/posts/changing-a-belief-means-changing-how-you-feel-the-role-of-emotions-in-cognitive-immunology#" target="_blank"><u>6</u></a> In short,</em></span><span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"><em><strong> “emotions can awaken, intrude into, and shape beliefs,</strong></em></span><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)"><em> by creating them, by amplifying or altering them, and by making them resistant to change.”</em></span></p><p> </p><p><em><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)">The </span><span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"><strong>interplay between emotion, information, belief, and attentional focus is complex, multi-directional, and self-sustaining. </strong></span><span style="color: rgb(84, 172, 210)">Feelings guide attention to information that supports and intensifies the emotion, which further focuses attention and creates a self-confirming positive feedback loop. </span><span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"><strong>“Strong feelings tend to elicit a search for supporting beliefs” and, conversely, beliefs tend to elicit a search for information that reinforces associated emotions (“belief-guided attentional focus.”)</strong></span></em><strong><span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"> </span></strong> </p><p><a href="https://www.prosocial.world/posts/changing-a-belief-means-changing-how-you-feel-the-role-of-emotions-in-cognitive-immunology" target="_blank">Changing A Belief Means Changing How You Feel: The Role of Emotions in Cognitive Immunology</a></p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="stevevw, post: 77660692, member: 342064"] Actually they are. They are very much intwined. How we feel about something influences us a lot as to what we believe. If you feel something isn't right or that theres a threat then you also believe the same. But the feeling is what brought you to that state of mind. If you have not got the insight, the emotional regualtion then your going to be fooled by your feelings and believe stuff that is not real. [I][COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)][B]Emotions can affect our attitudes[/B][/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)] and behavior directly and indirectly. [/COLOR][/I] [URL='https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/emotions-how-does-affect-our-attitudes-behaviour-vinda-anisa-kharisma']Emotions: How does it affect our attitudes and behaviour?[/URL] [I][COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)][B]Beliefs are related to emotional processes[/B][/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)] after controlling for symptoms. Holding “unfriendly” beliefs predicts greater psychopathology. [/COLOR][/I] [URL unfurl="true"]https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0191886920307327[/URL] [I][COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)][B]Behaviour is affected by[/B][/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)] factors relating to the person, including: [/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)][B]personal and emotional factors[/B][/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)] - personality, [/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)][B]beliefs, expectations, emotions, mental health, life experiences[/B][/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)] - family, culture, friends and life events. [/COLOR] [/I] [URL='https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/mentalhealth/psychosocial/principles/Pages/behaviour-factors.aspx']Principles for effective support - What factors can affect behaviour?[/URL] [I][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)]Emotions create a physical response within your mind and your feelings are conscious, they can impact your behavior. In some cases,[/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)][B] people believe behaviors are justified because of the intensity of their emotions.[/B][/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)] They may struggle to understand that behavior is a choice that does not have to follow an emotion. [/COLOR][/I] [B]Negative emotionality and aggression in violent offenders: The moderating role of emotion dysregulation [/B] [I][COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)][B]Negative emotionality (NE) is positively related to physical aggression.[/B][/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)] Positive emotionality was largely unrelated with emotion dysregulation and physical aggression.[/COLOR][/I] [URL]https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047235217301460[/URL] [I][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)]Because your [/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)][B]feelings are based on your perception of certain events, they can lead you astray. [/B][/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)]Your emotions are real, but your feelings are based on your perception of the situation. For that reason, your feelings could be misplaced or focused too much on thoughts. [/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)][B]You may perceive a situation opposite to what it is[/B][/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)], which could lead to feelings that don't match. Some people may struggle to label their emotions, [/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)][B]causing a sense of loss of control.[/B][/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)] [/COLOR][/I] [URL]https://www.betterhelp.com/advice/behavior/behaviors-emotions-and-feelings-how-they-work-together/[/URL] [I][COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)][B]Emotion has a substantial influence on the cognitive processes[/B][/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)] in humans, [/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)][B]including perception, attention, learning, memory, reasoning, and problem solving.[/B][/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)] Emotion has a [/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)][B]particularly strong influence on attention[/B][/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)], especially modulating the selectivity of attention as well as motivating action and behavior. [/COLOR][/I] [URL='https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5573739/#:~:text=Emotion%20has%20a%20substantial%20influence,as%20motivating%20action%20and%20behavior']The Influences of Emotion on Learning and Memory[/URL]. [I][COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)][B]Irrational and unreal beliefs are higher when emotional stress is elevated [/B][/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)]which explains why distress is so often linked to abuse. [/COLOR][/I][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)][I]Trait-like emotional distress (i.e., high levels of depression or anxiety) is a marker of vulnerability to psychopathology. Irrational beliefs tend to be higher when trait emotional distress is elevated. [/I][/COLOR][I][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)] [/COLOR][/I][B] [/B] [URL='https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01423/full']Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT), Irrational and Rational Beliefs, and the Mental Health of Athletes[/URL] This article explains how treatments that address the psychiological distress decrease negative thinking and beliefs. So it appears that treating the underlying psychological issues is what actually changes beliefs. This supports the previous claim that you can't just treat the belief but also the psyche that is behind the beliefs so that it helps parents think more realistically and positively so that they need not believe such destructive ideas as abusing others. [I][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)]Anxiety and depression are associated with [/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)][B]impaired executive control, dysfunctional relationships among cognitive, emotional, and motivational processes, and abnormal activity in brain regions [/B][/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)]that are part of networks implementing these processes. Psychological/behavioral, pharmacological, and direct physiological (e.g., electroconvulsive therapy [ECT]) interventions have been[/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)][B] shown to reduce emotional symptoms, decrease negative thoughts and beliefs,[/B][/COLOR] [COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)][B]and alter maladaptive motivational and behavioral styles[/B][/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)] (for reviews, see Mayberg, [URL='https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3678097/#B173'][U]2000[/U][/URL]; Mayberg et al., [URL='https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3678097/#B178'][U]2005[/U][/URL]; DeRubeis et al., [URL='https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3678097/#B65'][U]2008[/U][/URL]; Frewen et al., [URL='https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3678097/#B84'][U]2008[/U][/URL]; Clark and Beck, [URL='https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3678097/#B47'][U]2010[/U][/URL]).[/COLOR][/I] [URL='https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3678097/']Relationships among cognition, emotion, and motivation: implications for intervention and neuroplasticity in psychopathology[/URL] This article is particularly good at explaining how emotions, feelings and beliefs are intertwined and how in fact changiung belief requires changing how a person feels first about whatever they believe in. . [COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)][I]All thought is affect-laden and important personal beliefs [/I][/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)][I][B]changing your mind does indeed mean changing how you feel, especially so for beliefs, which are more emotion-sensitive than knowledge.[/B][/I][/COLOR] [I][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)]Further, [/COLOR][/I][COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)][I][B]salient beliefs[/B][/I][/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)][I], i.e., convictions that are experienced as central to survival, identity, and attachment [/I][/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)][I][B]are even more emotion-sensitive [/B][/I][/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)][I]than other beliefs. [/I][/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)][I][B]Toxic beliefs [/B][/I][/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)][I]engendered by disinformation and of concern to cognitive immunology[/I][/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)][I][B] are nearly always salient beliefs[/B][/I][/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)][I], i.e., pivotal to the believer’s identity, affect regulation and affiliative needs. '[/I][/COLOR] [I][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)]If a debunking message is perceived as a direct threat to a salient belief, intense negative emotions can activate strategies to discredit the source or ignore the evidence.[/COLOR][/I][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)][I][URL='https://www.prosocial.world/posts/changing-a-belief-means-changing-how-you-feel-the-role-of-emotions-in-cognitive-immunology#'][U]6[/U][/URL] In short,[/I][/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)][I][B] “emotions can awaken, intrude into, and shape beliefs,[/B][/I][/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)][I] by creating them, by amplifying or altering them, and by making them resistant to change.”[/I][/COLOR] [I][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)]The [/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)][B]interplay between emotion, information, belief, and attentional focus is complex, multi-directional, and self-sustaining. [/B][/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(84, 172, 210)]Feelings guide attention to information that supports and intensifies the emotion, which further focuses attention and creates a self-confirming positive feedback loop. [/COLOR][COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)][B]“Strong feelings tend to elicit a search for supporting beliefs” and, conversely, beliefs tend to elicit a search for information that reinforces associated emotions (“belief-guided attentional focus.”)[/B][/COLOR][/I][B][COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)] [/COLOR][/B] [URL='https://www.prosocial.world/posts/changing-a-belief-means-changing-how-you-feel-the-role-of-emotions-in-cognitive-immunology']Changing A Belief Means Changing How You Feel: The Role of Emotions in Cognitive Immunology[/URL] [/QUOTE]
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